Abstract

Mono-cropping, burning of crop residues, imbalanced fertilization and limited use of farm manure are resulting in loss of soil organic carbon (SOC). In this study, integrated soil-crop management (ILM_soil), improved management (IM_soil) and conventional management (CM_soil) was studied to enhance the soil carbon sequestration for mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was used to estimate carbon footprint from successive crops of rice, mustard and jute with or without intercrops or mixed crops. The adoption of ILM_soil helped in reducing the carbon footprint by 78%. The overall economic yield increased by 25% over IM_soil as well. Net CO₂-eq emission was 68% less under ILM_soil as compared to other systems. The reduction in net LCA-GHG emission was mainly due to high SOC sequestration by jute crop and leguminous intercrops and mixed crops. Improved crop diversification and agronomic productivity as used in ILM_soil system may decrease the inputs of non-renewable energy and consequently reduce the emission of GHGs from agroecosystems. Improvement of soil health, minimization in nutrient and water losses, and application of the increased amount of organic fertilizers were found helpful in reducing the carbon footprint. ILM_soil method of cultivation in 0.70 million hectare of jute growing area may reduce about 0.40 million tonnes of CO₂-eq from atmosphere every year and provide carbon credit of 1.22 million US$to the farmers of eastern India.

摘要

单一种植、焚烧作物残茬、施肥不平衡和农家肥使用有限导致土壤有机碳 (SOC) 流失。在这项研究中，研究了综合土壤作物管理（ILM_土壤）、改良管理（IM_土壤）和常规管理（CM_土壤），以增强土壤碳固存以减少温室气体 (GHG) 排放。生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法用于估计连续作物水稻、芥菜和黄麻的碳足迹，有或没有间作或混合作物。采用 ILM_土壤有助于将碳足迹减少 78%。_{总体经济产量也比 IM土壤}增加了 25% 。净二氧化碳₂与其他系统相比， ILM_土壤下的 -eq 排放量减少了 68% 。净 LCA-GHG 排放的减少主要是由于黄麻作物和豆科间作和混合作物的高 SOC 固存。_ILM土壤系统中使用的改良作物多样化和农艺生产力可能会减少不可再生能源的投入，从而减少农业生态系统的温室气体排放。发现改善土壤健康、减少养分和水分流失以及增加有机肥料的施用量有助于减少碳足迹。ILM_土法栽培70万公顷黄麻种植区可减少约40万吨CO ₂-eq 每年从大气中提取，并为印度东部的农民提供 122 万美元的碳信用。