Background Australia introduced a school-based gender-neutral human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program for girls and boys aged 12–13 years in 2013. We examined HPV type–specific antibody levels in unvaccinated young men who have sex with men (MSM) with natural infection and compared these with levels in those vaccinated against HPV. Methods Serum specimens at baseline were collected from MSM aged 16–20 years in the HYPER1 (Human Papillomavirus in Young People Epidemiological Research) and HYPER2 studies, conducted in 2010–2013 and 2017–2019, respectively. Merck’s 4-plex HPV competitive Luminex Immunoassay was used to quantify HPV6-, HPV11-, HPV16-, and HPV18-specific antibodies. We compared antibody levels for each HPV genotype between unvaccinated men (HYPER1) and vaccinated men (HYPER2) using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results There were 200 unvaccinated men and 127 vaccinated men included in the analysis. Median antibody levels among vaccinated men were significantly higher than levels among unvaccinated men for HPV6 (223 milli-Merck units per milliliter [mMU/mL] vs 48 mMU/mL, P < .0001), HPV11 (163 mMU/mL vs 21 mMU/mL, P < .0001), HPV16 (888 mMU/mL vs 72 mMU/mL, P < .0001), and HPV18 (161 mMU/mL vs 20 mMU/mL, P < .0001). Antibody levels did not change over time for up to 66 months for all 4 genotypes among vaccinated men. Conclusions Among young MSM vaccinated with the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, antibody levels for HPV6, HPV11, HPV16, and HPV18 were significantly higher than those in unvaccinated MSM following natural infection. Antibody levels following vaccination appeared to remain stable over time. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01422356 for HYPER1 and NCT03000933 for HYPER2.

中文翻译：

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男男性接触者接种疫苗或自然感染后的人乳头瘤病毒抗体水平

背景 澳大利亚于 2013 年推出了针对 12-13 岁女孩和男孩的基于学校的性别中性人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种计划。我们检查了未接种疫苗的男男性接触者 (MSM) 的 HPV 类型特异性抗体水平自然感染并将这些与接种 HPV 疫苗的人的水平进行比较。方法 在分别于 2010-2013 年和 2017-2019 年进行的 HYPER1（年轻人流行病学研究中的人乳头瘤病毒）和 HYPER2 研究中，从 16-20 岁的 MSM 中收集了基线时的血清标本。Merck 的 4 重 HPV 竞争性 Luminex 免疫测定用于量化 HPV6、HPV11、HPV16 和 HPV18 特异性抗体。我们使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较了未接种疫苗的男性 (HYPER1) 和接种疫苗的男性 (HYPER2) 之间每种 HPV 基因型的抗体水平。结果 分析中包括 200 名未接种疫苗的男性和 127 名接种疫苗的男性。接种疫苗的男性的中位抗体水平显着高于未接种疫苗的男性 HPV6（223 毫默克单位/毫升 [mMU/mL] 对比 48 mMU/mL，P <.0001）、HPV11（163 mMU/mL 对比 21 mMU/mL，P <.0001），HPV16（888 mMU/mL 对比 72 mMU/mL，P <.0001）和 HPV18（161 mMU/mL 对比 20 mMU/mL，P <.0001）。在接种疫苗的男性中，所有 4 种基因型的抗体水平在长达 66 个月内没有随时间变化。结论 接种四价HPV疫苗的年轻MSM中，HPV6、HPV11、HPV16、HPV18抗体水平明显高于自然感染后未接种疫苗的MSM。接种疫苗后的抗体水平似乎随着时间的推移保持稳定。