Abstract

For the safe maneuvering, descent, and landing of ultralight aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, and parachute equipment, increased accuracy in determining their height is required. In this study, a critical analysis of the existing methods of measuring height is carried out to determine the most accurate method. Particular attention is paid to the barometric method. In order to reduce measurement errors, intelligent altitude sensors are developed and a prototype barometric altimeter is constructed based on them. In the process of computer and model modeling, it is found that several intelligent height sensors must be used in the altimeter design, and the location of the sensors on the aircraft significantly affects the measurement accuracy. The developed method for measuring altitude using such sensors includes hardware-software compensation for the errors caused by atmospheric phenomena and aerodynamic parameters of the aircraft’s structure. Hardware and software tools for processing the measured data, as well as software for the functioning of an intelligent pressure sensor, automatic data processing, and the information output to the altimeter display, are developed. The proposed method and hardware and software for measuring the height in real operating conditions show a significant reduction in errors that do not exceed 1 m when moving in an air stream at speeds up to 8 m/s and 5 m at speeds up to 70 m/s.

中文翻译：

---

更准确地测量飞机和下降物体高度的方法和硬件和软件

摘要

为了超轻型飞机、无人机和降落伞设备的安全机动、下降和着陆，需要提高确定其高度的准确性。在这项研究中，对现有的高度测量方法进行了批判性分析，以确定最准确的方法。特别注意气压法。为了减少测量误差，开发了智能高度传感器，并在此基础上构建了气压高度计原型。在计算机和模型建模过程中发现，高度计设计中必须使用多个智能高度传感器，而传感器在飞机上的位置对测量精度有显着影响。使用这种传感器测量高度的开发方法包括对由大气现象和飞机结构的空气动力学参数引起的误差进行硬件-软件补偿。开发了用于处理测量数据的硬件和软件工具，以及用于智能压力传感器功能、自动数据处理和向高度计显示器输出信息的软件。所提出的用于在实际操作条件下测量高度的方法以及硬件和软件显示，在以高达 8 m/s 的速度和高达 70 m 的速度在气流中移动时，误差不超过 1 m 显着减少/秒。以及用于智能压力传感器功能、自动数据处理和向高度计显示器输出信息的软件。所提出的用于在实际操作条件下测量高度的方法以及硬件和软件显示，在以高达 8 m/s 的速度和高达 70 m 的速度在气流中移动时，误差不超过 1 m 显着减少/秒。以及用于智能压力传感器功能、自动数据处理和向高度计显示器输出信息的软件。所提出的用于在实际操作条件下测量高度的方法以及硬件和软件显示，在以高达 8 m/s 的速度和高达 70 m 的速度在气流中移动时，误差不超过 1 m 显着减少/秒。