Additive manufacturing (AM) refers to a collection of manufacturing methods involving the incremental addition of material to build a part directly in its final or near-final geometry, usually in a layer-by-layer process. Metal AM in particular has seen great industrial adoption and maturation. This technology enables increased freedom of design in engineered materials with complex geometries, of which architected cellular or lattice structures are particularly promising in a wide range of applications. These materials are similar to stochastic foams which have found many industrial applications over the last few decades, but regular cellular structures possess a higher degree of control over the manufactured architectures made possible by additive manufacturing. These architected porous materials have properties that can be fine-tuned for a particular application (for mechanical performance, permeability, thermal properties, etc.). The control over the design and manufacturing of such architected structures in comparison to stochastic structures opens new application possibilities and enables a range of new products and features. This potential is only starting to be realized as metal AM techniques are maturing and are increasingly being adopted in various industries, and as design-for-AM capabilities improve. This review paper summarizes the unique properties of AM lattice structures and how these have been successfully employed for specific applications so far, and highlights various application areas of potential interest for the near future. The focus in this review paper is therefore on unique achievable properties and the associated applications for metal additively manufactured lattice structures.

增材制造 (AM) 是指一系列制造方法，涉及增加材料以直接在其最终或接近最终的几何形状中构建零件，通常是在逐层过程中。特别是金属增材制造已经在工业上得到了广泛的采用和成熟。这项技术可以提高具有复杂几何形状的工程材料的设计自由度，其中蜂窝或晶格结构在广泛的应用中特别有前途。这些材料类似于随机泡沫，在过去几十年中发现了许多工业应用，但规则的蜂窝结构对通过增材制造成为可能的制造结构具有更高程度的控制。这些结构化的多孔材料具有可针对特定应用（机械性能、渗透性、热性能等）进行微调的特性。与随机结构相比，对此类建筑结构的设计和制造的控制开辟了新的应用可能性，并使一系列新产品和功能成为可能。随着金属增材制造技术日趋成熟并越来越多地被各个行业采用，并且随着增材制造设计能力的提高，这种潜力才刚刚开始实现。这篇综述论文总结了 AM 晶格结构的独特特性，以及迄今为止这些特性如何成功用于特定应用，并强调了在不久的将来可能感兴趣的各种应用领域。