This study aims at analyzing the performance of three units known as low salt rejection reverse osmosis (LSRRO), split-feed counterflow reverse osmosis (SF-CFRO), and split-brine counterflow reverse osmosis (SB-CFRO) and implementing them in a modified multi-stage multi-feed counter-current membrane with cascade recycle for dewatering hypersaline streams to the salinity appropriate for crystallizers' feed. Exergy and primitive pinch analysis showed that dewatering is limited in SF-CFRO as the permeate inlet dictates the maximum salinity difference at the pinch point as well as high frictional pressure loss in the permeate channel. SB-CFRO and LSRRO units can reach high salinities by increasing permeate to concentrate flow rate and salt permeability, respectively but their efficiency drops due to transport-stemming exergy destruction. Optimizing the multi-stage systems showed that SB-CFRO, LSRRO, and SF-CFRO implemented systems can dewater 70 g/L influent to 234 g/L effluent with unit water cost of 3.44, 3.77, and 3.63 $/m³ and with corresponding specific energy consumption of 8.66, 16.82, and 9.47 kWh/m³, respectively. Furthermore, it was shown that the influent with salinity less than 70 g/L should be delivered to the first inlet while at higher salinities up to 90 g/L it should be given to the second inlet.

本研究旨在分析低脱盐反渗透 (LSRRO)、分流逆流反渗透 (SF-CFRO) 和分流盐水逆流反渗透 (SB-CFRO) 三个装置的性能，并在改进的多级多进料逆流膜，具有级联循环，用于将高盐度流脱水至适合结晶器进料的盐度。火用和原始夹点分析表明，SF-CFRO 中的脱水受到限制，因为渗透入口决定了夹点处的最大盐度差异以及渗透通道中的高摩擦压力损失。SB-CFRO 和 LSRRO 装置可以通过分别增加渗透到浓缩液的流速和盐渗透率来达到高盐度，但由于运输阻塞火用破坏，它们的效率下降。³和相应的能耗分别为 8.66、16.82 和 9.47 kWh/m ³。此外，结果表明，盐度低于 70 g/L 的进水应输送到第一个入口，而盐度高达 90 g/L 的进水应输送到第二个入口。