“Green” electronics are increasingly in demand to alleviate environmental pollution caused by electronic wastes. Biomass materials derived from natural resources, such as lignocellulose and chitin, are ideal building blocks for “green” electronics because they are abundant, renewable, biodegradable, thermostable, and can be feasibly modified. However, the complexity in structure and components, inherent hydrophilicity, lack of functionality (e.g., conductivity) of most biomass materials restricts their applications in electronics. To meet the requirement for applications in electronics, designed biomass materials with tailored properties have received considerable attention over the past decade and great progress has been made. This review firstly highlights two main biomass materials: cellulose and chitin. Then, the strategies of designing one-, two- and three-dimensional biomass materials via physical, chemical, biological, and surface- and interface-engineered treatment methods, and the properties of the resulting materials are summarized in detail. After that, recent advances in the use of designed biomass materials to develop “green” electronics, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), solar cells (SCs), printed electronics (PEs), and thin-film transistors (TFTs) are reviewed. Finally, an overview of the remaining challenges and perspectives in the field of biomass-based “green” electronics is provided.

“绿色”电子产品的需求越来越大，以减轻电子废物造成的环境污染。源自自然资源的生物质材料，如木质纤维素和几丁质，是“绿色”电子产品的理想组成部分，因为它们丰富、可再生、可生物降解、热稳定，并且可以进行可行的改性。然而，大多数生物质材料的结构和组分的复杂性、固有的亲水性、缺乏功能性（例如，导电性）限制了 它们在电子产品中的应用。为了满足电子应用的要求，设计具有定制特性的生物质材料在过去十年中受到了广泛关注，并取得了很大进展。这篇综述首先强调了两种主要的生物质材料：纤维素和几丁质。然后，详细总结了通过物理、化学、生物以及表面和界面工程处理方法设计一维、二维和三维生物质材料的策略，以及所得材料的性能。之后，使用设计的生物质材料开发“绿色”电子产品的最新进展，如有机发光二极管 (OLED)、太阳能电池 (SC)、印刷电子 (PE) 和薄膜晶体管 (TFT)被审查。最后，