The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) has high ornamental value. Replanting problems occur when seedlings are replanted into previous holes. We studied the root system and soil environment of the 'Dongjingnvlang' variety under a continuous planting regime of one, four, and seven years, and a replanting regime of one and four years. Under the condition of continuous planting, with the increase of number of years, pH, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen decreased in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, whereas organic matter, available phosphorus and potassium, enzyme activities, and the number of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes increased. Under the condition of replanting, with the increase of number of years, fungi and actinomycetes in both soils increased, while pH, organic matter, nutrients, enzyme activities, and bacterial number decreased. pH, organic matter, nutrient content, enzyme activity and the number of bacterial were lower in soil replanted for four years, whereas the abundance of fungi and actinomycetes was higher, altering the soil from “bacterial high-fertility” to “fungal low-fertility” with increasing years of replanting. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and MDA content in roots of peony in replanting were higher than those in continuous planting, while the content of osmotic regulatory substances in replanting was lower than that in continuous planting. The results showed that there were no obvious adverse factors in soil during seven years of continuous planting, and herbaceous peony could maintain normal growth and development. However, soils after four years of replanting were not suitable for herbaceous peony growth. Benzoic acid increased with years of replanting, which potentially caused replanting problems. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of replanting problems in the herbaceous peony.

草本牡丹（Paeonialactiflora）Pall.）具有很高的观赏价值。当幼苗被重新种植到以前的洞中时，就会出现重新种植问题。对“东京女郎”品种连续种植1年、4年、7年和补植1年、4年的根系和土壤环境进行了研究。连续种植条件下，随着年限的增加，根际和非根际土壤pH、铵态氮、硝态氮下降，有机质、速效磷、速效钾、酶活性、细菌数量下降。 、真菌、放线菌增多。补植条件下，随着年限的增加，两种土壤中真菌和放线菌均增多，而pH、有机质、养分、酶活性和细菌数量下降。酸碱度，重新种植四年的土壤有机质、养分含量、酶活性和细菌数量较低，而真菌和放线菌丰度较高，使土壤由“细菌高肥力”变为“真菌低肥力”，重新种植的年数增加。补植牡丹根部抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛含量高于连植，而渗透调节物质含量低于连植。结果表明，连续种植7年，土壤未出现明显不利因素，芍药能保持正常生长发育。然而，补种四年后，土壤已不适合芍药生长。苯甲酸随着多年的重新种植而增加，这可能会导致重新种植问题。本研究为理解芍药补种问题的机制提供了理论基础。