William L. Shelton

May 28, 1939 – October 14, 2021

William (Bill) Lee Shelton was born May 28, 1939 in Tulsa, Oklahoma to J. M. Shelton and Geraldine Huck Shelton. As a child, he kept animals (much to his mother’s chagrin!), raised bees, and spent many happy hours in the woods. Bill was the first in his family to go to college. He earned BS and MS degrees at Oklahoma State University, then earned a PhD in fisheries and aquaculture at the University of Oklahoma. He was a professor at Auburn University, then the University of Oklahoma, mentoring 48 graduate students. He also spent several years training Peace Corps students, where he met his wife, Kiki Hiott, herself a Peace Corps trainer and a research scientist.

Shelton’s research in fisheries and aquaculture was wide-ranging, but emphasized early life stages or production of many species (gars Lepisosteidae, shads Alosinae, paddlefish Polyodontidae, sturgeons Acipenser spp., Asian carps Cyprinidae, catfishes Ictaluridae, tilapia Cichliformes, and Striped Bass Morone saxatilis among others). He collaborated with scientists from all over the world, including colleagues at Kentucky State University, the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife, and the Idaho Department of Fish and Game. For 2 decades, Shelton collaborated with Shmuel Rothbard at Kibbutz Gan Shmuel in Israel. In 2015, Shelton worked for a year at the University of South Bohemia’s Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters in Vodnany, Czech Republic.

Shelton’s research addressed topics ranging from sex control, sex reversal, and sperm motility as potential tools in management of wild fish stocks, to development of technologies for the culture of paddlefish, including reproduction through artificial propagation, nursing of juveniles, and grow-out for commercial production, to ploidy manipulation, sperm physiology, cryopreservation, and minimally invasive surgical technique, to general fishery biology, particularly reservoir and large river fisheries, with emphasis on evaluation of sampling techniques, as well as predator–prey and growth relationships. He developed a steroid delivery technique through intraperitoneal implants, making possible sex reversal in fish for which feeding hormone-contained diet is not an option. His collaborative experiments at Kentucky State University confirmed production of gynogenetic paddlefish. He and colleagues at Vodnany later developed a method for collecting oocytes from female paddlefish without killing them, obtained information about sperm quality and quantity, and developed technology for the storage of sperm. In 2019 Shelton coauthored a chapter in the book Sex Control in Aquaculture titled, "Sex Control and Chromosome Manipulation in Cyprinidae: Common Carp and Grass Carp," in which he summarized his longtime work with Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. In his last research until the time of his passing, Shelton had been working with colleagues from Idaho and the Oklahoma Departments of Wildlife on a feminization project for Common Carp Cyprinus carpio, toward a goal of building a YY-chromosome carp.

Shelton published more than 140 research papers, and received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the AFS Oklahoma Chapter and a Distinguished Lifetime Achievement Award from the U.S. Aquaculture Society. He was an AFS Fellow, an AFS Golden Member, and President of the Fish Culture Section in 2002–2003. He was editor of the Progressive Fish Culturist and the North American Journal of Aquaculture from 1995 to 2009, and editor of the North American Journal of Fisheries Management (1990–1992). He was active in the World Aquaculture Society, and traveled to consult in fisheries or train students in at least 15 different countries, worldwide.

In addition to his lifelong career in fisheries research, Shelton was a veteran of the U.S. Air Force, first as an enlisted Air Evacuation Technician, then as a pilot with the rank of Captain. He flew C-97s and C-124s across the Pacific, moving cargo in and out of Vietnam during the war.

Bill Shelton is survived by his wife, Ana Elizabeth (Kiki) Hiott of Norman, Oklahoma; his daughter, Kathleen Lucille (Kasi) Shelton of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; one sister, and many nieces and nephews and great nieces and nephews. He also leaves behind many close friends and colleagues. His warmth as a person and his input to fisheries will be greatly missed!

威廉·谢尔顿

1939 年 5 月 28 日 – 2021 年 10 月 14 日

威廉（比尔）李谢尔顿于 1939 年 5 月 28 日出生于俄克拉荷马州塔尔萨，父亲是 JM 谢尔顿和杰拉尔丁哈克谢尔顿。小时候，他养过动物（这让他妈妈很懊恼！），养过蜜蜂，在树林里度过了许多快乐时光。比尔是他家第一个上大学的人。他在俄克拉荷马州立大学获得学士和硕士学位，然后在俄克拉荷马大学获得渔业和水产养殖博士学位。他是奥本大学和俄克拉荷马大学的教授，指导了 48 名研究生。他还花了几年时间培训和平队的学生，在那里他遇到了他的妻子 Kiki Hiott，她自己是和平队的培训师和研究科学家。

Shelton 在渔业和水产养殖方面的研究范围很广，但强调了许多物种的早期生命阶段或生产（gars Lepisosteidae、shads Alosinae、白鲟科、鲟鱼Acipenser spp.、亚洲鲤鱼 Cyprinidae、鲶鱼 Ictaluridae、罗非鱼 Cichliformes 和 Striped Bass Morone saxatilis等）。他与来自世界各地的科学家合作，包括肯塔基州立大学、俄克拉荷马州野生动物系和爱达荷州鱼类和游戏系的同事。20 年来，谢尔顿在以色列的 Kibbutz Gan Shmuel 与 Shmuel Rothbard 合作。2015 年，谢尔顿在捷克共和国沃德纳尼的南波希米亚大学渔业和水域保护学院工作了一年。

Shelton 的研究涵盖了从性别控制、性别逆转和精子活力作为管理野生鱼类种群的潜在工具到开发白鲟养殖技术的主题，包括通过人工繁殖进行繁殖、幼鱼的护理和成鱼商业生产，倍性操作，精子生理学，冷冻保存和微创手术技术，一般渔业生物学，特别是水库和大型河流渔业，重点是评估采样技术，以及捕食者 - 猎物和生长关系。他通过腹膜内植入物开发了一种类固醇输送技术，使不能选择喂食含激素饮食的鱼的性逆转成为可能。他在肯塔基州立大学的合作实验证实了雌核白鲟的生产。他和 Vodnany 的同事后来开发了一种从雌性白鲟身上收集卵母细胞而不杀死它们的方法，获得了有关精子质量和数量的信息，并开发了储存精子的技术。2019年谢尔顿合着了书中的一章水产养殖中的性别控制题为“鲤科的性别控制和染色体操作：鲤鱼和草鱼”，其中他总结了他与草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idella的长期合作。在他去世前的最后一项研究中，谢尔顿一直在与爱达荷州和俄克拉荷马州野生动物部门的同事合作，共同开展鲤鱼鲤的女性化项目，以实现构建 YY 染色体鲤鱼的目标。

Shelton 发表了 140 多篇研究论文，并获得了 AFS 俄克拉荷马分会颁发的终身成就奖和美国水产养殖协会颁发的杰出终身成就奖。2002-2003 年，他是 AFS 研究员、AFS 黄金会员和鱼类养殖部门主席。1995 年至 2009 年，他担任Progressive Fish Culturist和北美水产养殖杂志的编辑，以及北美渔业管理杂志的编辑（1990 年至 1992 年）。他活跃于世界水产养殖协会，并前往全球至少 15 个不同的国家为渔业提供咨询或培训学生。

除了终生从事渔业研究之外，谢尔顿还是美国空军的一名老兵，首先是一名入伍的空中疏散技术员，然后是一名获得上尉军衔的飞行员。他驾驶 C-97 和 C-124 飞越太平洋，在战争期间运送货物进出越南。

比尔·谢尔顿的遗孀是俄克拉荷马州诺曼的安娜·伊丽莎白 (Kiki) Hiott；他的女儿，俄克拉荷马州俄克拉荷马城的凯瑟琳·露西尔 (Kasi) Shelton；一个姐妹，还有许多侄女和侄子，还有很多侄女和侄子。他还留下了许多亲密的朋友和同事。他作为一个人的温暖和他对渔业的投入将被深深怀念！