Insect biodiversity is declining at the global scale, with agricultural intensification representing a major driver of this development. Traditionally managed grassland, such as hay meadows, can support high insect and plant diversity but is often converted into more productive cropland or silage grassland. We evaluated the effects of agricultural intensification and conservation measures on beetle assemblages in a traditional landscape dominated by grassland in western Germany. We investigated a total of 45 grassland sites including long-term (abandoned) grassland fallows with natural vegetation cover, three types of hay meadows, and intensively used silage grassland, using different sampling methods targeting ground-dwelling, flower-visiting, and vegetation-dwelling beetles. Species richness and diversity were highest on grassland fallows, while variation among different types of managed grassland was very low. Thus, fallows outperformed even unfertilised hay meadows cut after July 15th in terms of species richness. Beetle assemblages of fallows and silage grassland were both distinct from all other management regimes, while the three types of hay meadows did not differ substantially. Effects of on-site management regime were strong, but environmental parameters and surrounding land cover were of minor importance only. Our results suggest that long-term fallows are important for beetle conservation, even in landscapes with overall low land-use intensity. We suggest that grassland fallows should be considered in subsidised agri-environmental schemes.

昆虫生物多样性在全球范围内正在下降，而农业集约化是这一发展的主要驱动力。传统管理的草地，如干草草地，可以支持高度的昆虫和植物多样性，但通常会转变为生产力更高的农田或青贮草地。我们评估了农业集约化和保护措施对德国西部以草原为主的传统景观中甲虫组合的影响。我们共调查了45个草地点，包括自然植被覆盖的长期（废弃）草地休耕地、三种干草草场和集约利用的青贮草地，采用针对地栖、赏花和植被的不同采样方法——居住甲虫。草原休耕地的物种丰富度和多样性最高，而不同类型管理草地之间的差异很小。因此，就物种丰富度而言，休耕的表现甚至优于 7 月 15 日之后砍伐的未施肥的干草草甸。休耕和青贮草地的甲虫组合与所有其他管理制度都不同，而三种类型的干草草地没有显着差异。现场管理制度的影响很大，但环境参数和周围土地覆盖仅次要。我们的结果表明，即使在土地利用强度总体较低的景观中，长期休耕对甲虫保护也很重要。我们建议在补贴农业环境计划中考虑草地休耕。就物种丰富度而言，休耕的表现甚至优于 7 月 15 日之后砍伐的未施肥的干草草甸。休耕和青贮草地的甲虫组合与所有其他管理制度都不同，而三种类型的干草草地没有显着差异。现场管理制度的影响很大，但环境参数和周围土地覆盖仅次要。我们的结果表明，即使在土地利用强度总体较低的景观中，长期休耕对甲虫保护也很重要。我们建议在补贴农业环境计划中考虑草地休耕。就物种丰富度而言，休耕的表现甚至优于 7 月 15 日之后砍伐的未施肥的干草草甸。休耕和青贮草地的甲虫组合与所有其他管理制度都不同，而三种类型的干草草地没有显着差异。现场管理制度的影响很大，但环境参数和周围土地覆盖仅次要。我们的结果表明，即使在土地利用强度总体较低的景观中，长期休耕对甲虫保护也很重要。我们建议在补贴农业环境计划中考虑草地休耕。现场管理制度的影响很大，但环境参数和周围土地覆盖仅次要。我们的结果表明，即使在土地利用强度总体较低的景观中，长期休耕对甲虫保护也很重要。我们建议在补贴农业环境计划中考虑草地休耕。现场管理制度的影响很大，但环境参数和周围土地覆盖仅次要。我们的结果表明，即使在土地利用强度总体较低的景观中，长期休耕对甲虫保护也很重要。我们建议在补贴农业环境计划中考虑草地休耕。