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Contributions of representational distinctiveness and stability to memory performance and age differences
Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition ( IF 2.102 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-23 , DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2021.2019184
Verena R. Sommer 1 , Myriam C. Sander 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Long-standing theories of cognitive aging suggest that memory decline is associated with age-related differences in the way information is neurally represented. Multivariate pattern similarity analyses enabled researchers to take a representational perspective on brain and cognition, and allowed them to study the properties of neural representations that support successful episodic memory. Two representational properties have been identified as crucial for memory performance, namely the distinctiveness and the stability of neural representations. Here, we review studies that used multivariate analysis tools for different neuroimaging techniques to clarify how these representational properties relate to memory performance across adulthood. While most evidence on age differences in neural representations involved stimulus category information , recent studies demonstrated that particularly item-level stability and specificity of activity patterns are linked to memory success and decline during aging. Overall, multivariate methods offer a versatile tool for our understanding of age differences in the neural representations underlying memory.



中文翻译:

表征独特性和稳定性对记忆表现和年龄差异的贡献

摘要

长期存在的认知老化理论表明,记忆力下降与年龄相关的信息在神经表示方式上的差异有关。多元模式相似性分析使研究人员能够对大脑和认知采取表征视角,并允许他们研究支持成功情景记忆的神经表征的特性。两个表征属性已被确定为对记忆性能至关重要,即独特性稳定性的神经表征。在这里,我们回顾了使用多变量分析工具进行不同神经成像技术的研究,以阐明这些表征属性如何与整个成年期的记忆表现相关。虽然大多数关于神经表征年龄差异的证据都涉及刺激类别信息,但最近的研究表明,特别是项目级别的稳定性和活动模式的特异性与衰老过程中记忆的成功和衰退有关。总体而言,多元方法为我们理解记忆中神经表征的年龄差异提供了一种通用工具。

更新日期:2021-12-23
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