Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate gender gaps in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship and illuminate the underlying mechanism of why women are less likely to create ventures in order to take advantage of the opportunity than men.

Design/methodology/approach

By drawing on human/social capital theory and expanding extant gender-related entrepreneurship literature, this study addresses how human and social capital mediates the relationship between gender and opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. A sample of 115,367 individuals across 62 countries drawn from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor of 2016 was examined using multilevel logistic regression and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation analysis.

Findings

Findings of this study demonstrate that women’s lack of entrepreneurial relevant knowledge and skills, intrapreneurship experience as well as social networks with other entrepreneurs contribute to women’s less likelihood of engaging in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship than their male counterparts.

Originality/value

Compared to previous research mainly investigating macro-level determinants, this study further explores the explanatory factors affecting gender gaps in opportunity-driven entrepreneurship from the individual level. The findings provide an implication for public policy and give a direction to rethinking how to promote opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, especially for that led by women.

中文翻译：

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机会驱动型创业中的性别差距：人力和社会资本的影响

目的

本研究的目的是调查机会驱动型创业中的性别差距，并阐明为什么女性比男性更不可能通过创业来利用机会的潜在机制。

设计/方法/方法

通过借鉴人力/社会资本理论并扩展现有的与性别相关的创业文献，本研究探讨了人力和社会资本如何调节性别与机会驱动型创业之间的关系。使用多级逻辑回归和 Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) 中介分析对来自 2016 年全球创业监测的 62 个国家的 115,367 人的样本进​​行了检查。

发现

这项研究的结果表明，女性缺乏创业相关知识和技能、内部创业经验以及与其他企业家的社交网络，导致女性参与机会驱动型创业的可能性低于男性。

原创性/价值

与以往主要考察宏观层面决定因素的研究相比，本研究进一步从个体层面探讨了影响机会驱动型创业中性别差距的解释性因素。这些发现为公共政策提供了启示，并为重新思考如何促进机会驱动的企业家精神指明了方向，尤其是女性领导的企业家精神。