The purpose of passive air blast safety valves is to protect people and technical installations in buildings or facilities. In case of explosions, e.g. due to technical failures in an oil- and gas refinery, the safety valve should close in milliseconds with the incident shock wave and substantially reduce the blast-pressure leakage into the building. On the other hand, the safety valve should exhibit a low pressure drop in normal operation in order to reduce the power consumption of the ventilators. One main difficulty in the design of such safety valves is to meet the minimum technical requirements, while ensuring the functionality in intrinsically different operating modes. Therefore, the present study proposes a target-oriented evaluation and optimization procedure for such devices, incorporating comprehensive numerical and experimental investigations. CFD, FEM and FSI analyses are regarded as an appropriate approach to predict valve performance parameters and to gain additional insights into the flow or structural behavior of the safety valve, which serves then as a basis for geometrical optimizations. The introduced procedure is exemplified on an existing passive air blast safety valve as a case study. The performance of the new design is significantly increased in ventilation operation, while meeting the performance criteria in the stress case when subjected to blast loads.

被动鼓风安全阀的目的是保护建筑物或设施中的人员和技术装置。在发生爆炸的情况下，例如由于石油和天然气精炼厂的技术故障，安全阀应在发生冲击波的情况下在几毫秒内关闭，并显着减少泄漏到建筑物中的爆炸压力。另一方面，安全阀在正常运行时应表现出较低的压降，以降低呼吸机的功耗。此类安全阀设计的主要困难之一是满足最低技术要求，同时确保在本质上不同的操作模式下的功能。因此，本研究提出了针对此类设备的面向目标的评估和优化程序，结合全面的数值和实验研究。CFD、FEM 和 FSI 分析被认为是预测阀门性能参数和获得对安全阀的流动或结构行为的更多了解的合适方法，然后作为几何优化的基础。介绍的程序以现有的被动鼓风安全阀为例作为案例研究。新设计的性能在通风操作中显着提高，同时在承受爆炸载荷时满足应力情况下的性能标准。然后作为几何优化的基础。介绍的程序以现有的被动鼓风安全阀为例作为案例研究。新设计的性能在通风操作中显着提高，同时在承受爆炸载荷时满足应力情况下的性能标准。然后作为几何优化的基础。介绍的程序以现有的被动鼓风安全阀为例作为案例研究。新设计的性能在通风操作中显着提高，同时在承受爆炸载荷时满足应力情况下的性能标准。