This study describes an emerging technology for near-zero liquid discharge desalination (ZDD) and salt reclamation using electrodialysis metathesis (EDM) to treat high-salinity wastewater with high scaling potential. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal conditions for EDM-based ZDD process, and Box-Behnken center-united experimental design was used to quantify the effects of superficial velocity, applied voltage, and volume ratio of diluate/concentrate streams (V_c/V_d) on the salt removal ratio and current efficiency. These parameters influenced the outcome with the impacts following: voltage > superficial velocity > V_c/V_d, and the interactions were generally weak. The concentration of Na- and Cl-type liquid salts reached 200 and 170 g/L, respectively, after seven batch operations without scaling risks. Moreover, the two concentrate streams could be combined to precipitate CaSO₄ with about 60% removal of Ca²⁺ via production of a solid byproduct. Alkali-assisted precipitation of the residual stream demonstrated efficient recovery of Mg²⁺ resources. Additionally, the purified solution could be further utilized to recover chemical resources (NaCl and Na₂SO₄) through a partial crystallization process. This work thus provides an applicable approach for the ZDD and reclamation of high-salinity wastewater with high scaling potential, which exist widely in seawater desalination engineering and industrial wastewater treatment.

本研究描述了一种使用电渗析复分解 (EDM) 处理具有高结垢潜力的高盐度废水的近零液体排放脱盐 (ZDD) 和盐回收的新兴技术。采用响应面方法确定基于 EDM 的 ZDD 工艺的最佳条件，并采用 Box-Behnken 中心联合实验设计来量化表观速度、施加电压和稀/浓液体积比 ( V _c / V _d ) 对除盐率和电流效率的影响。这些参数通过以下影响影响结果：电压 > 表面速度 >  V _c / V _d，并且相互作用一般很弱。经过 7 次批量操作后，Na 型和 Cl 型液态盐的浓度分别达到 200 和 170 g/L，无结垢风险。此外，可将两种浓缩物流合并以沉淀 CaSO ₄并通过产生固体副产物去除约 60% 的 Ca ²⁺。残留物流的碱辅助沉淀证明了 Mg ²⁺资源的有效回收。此外，纯化后的溶液可进一步用于回收化学资源（NaCl 和 Na ₂ SO ₄) 通过部分结晶过程。因此，这项工作为广泛存在于海水淡化工程和工业废水处理中的具有高结垢潜力的高盐废水的ZDD和回收提供了一种适用的方法。