Abstract

The parameters of elements of the structural diagram of the Ka-band phased antenna array have been analyzed including the analog ferrite and discrete semiconductor phase shifters, control unit and the power distribution system.

A technique for tuning the array phasing elements is proposed, the use of which makes it possible to materially simplify and reduce the costs of their production. The effectiveness of the proposed tuning method has been tested experimentally using an example of 9-element linear phased antenna array that allows us to check an assumption about the nonidentity of phase characteristics of elements in antenna channels and their impact on parameters of the radiation pattern (RP). The tuning technique also takes into account the impact of electric characteristics of the aerial fairing or airborne radome, if present.

The essence of the technique implies that all radiating elements of antenna, except the central channel, where a phase shifter is not present, are covered with radio absorbing material. Next, the radiation pattern maximum is oriented in the direction of the radiating element located in the far zone by selecting the type and value of control signals. The determined control signal is stored in memory. Next, by opening the apertures of other radiator elements and tuning them one by one, we obtain a control signal matrix for the specified scanning sector. Thus, the phase shifter control matrix is formed, and additional computing devices are not needed during scanning. As a result of conducted experimental investigations based on an example of 9-element linear phased antenna array and using the proposed technique, it has been shown that the lack of identity of parameters of microwave elements does not affect in any way the speed and accuracy of the phase distribution formed in the antenna aperture.

中文翻译：

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Ka波段相控天线阵的调查和调谐过程

摘要

分析了Ka波段相控天线阵结构图的元件参数，包括模拟铁氧体和分立半导体移相器、控制单元和配电系统。

提出了一种用于调谐阵列相控元件的技术，使用该技术可以显着简化并降低其生产成本。已使用 9 单元线性相控天线阵列的示例对所提出的调谐方法的有效性进行了实验测试，该示例允许我们检查关于天线信道中单元相位特性的非同一性及其对辐射图参数的影响的假设（ RP）。调谐技术还考虑了天线整流罩或机载天线罩（如果存在）的电气特性的影响。

该技术的本质意味着天线的所有辐射元件，除了没有移相器的中央通道外，都覆盖有无线电吸收材料。接下来，通过选择控制信号的类型和值，将辐射图最大值定向在位于远区的辐射元件的方向。确定的控制信号存储在存储器中。接下来，通过打开其他辐射器元件的孔径并对其进行一一调谐，我们得到指定扫描扇区的控制信号矩阵。这样就形成了移相器控制矩阵，扫描时不需要额外的计算设备。作为基于 9 单元线性相控天线阵列示例并使用所提出的技术进行的实验研究的结果，