It has been a prevailing picture that active regions on the solar surface originate from a strong toroidal magnetic field stored in the overshoot region at the base of the solar convection zone, generated by a deep seated solar dynamo mechanism. This article reviews the studies in regard to how the toroidal magnetic field can destabilize and rise through the convection zone to form the observed solar active regions at the surface. Furthermore, new results from the global simulations of the convective dynamos, and from the near-surface layer simulations of active region formation, together with helioseismic investigations of the pre-emergence active regions, are calling into question the picture of active regions as buoyantly rising flux tubes originating from the bottom of the convection zone. This article also gives a review on these new developments.

普遍的观点是，太阳表面的活动区域源自存储在太阳对流带底部的过冲区域中的强环形磁场，该磁场由深层太阳发电机机制产生。本文回顾了有关环形磁场如何破坏稳定并通过对流区上升以在地表形成观测到的太阳活动区的研究。此外，对流发电机的全球模拟、活动区域形成的近地表层模拟的新结果，以及对出现前活动区域的日震研究，正在质疑活动区域正在浮力上升的情况。源自对流区底部的通量管。