Considering the adverse impact that traumatic childbirth experiences can have on parental mental well-being, studies that have investigated the potential of providing postnatal psychological support for this group of parents require evaluation. This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of psychological interventions at improving the mental well-being of parents who have experienced traumatic childbirth in terms of anxiety, depression, fear of childbirth, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Seven electronic databases were searched from their respective inception dates up to January 2021. Only quantitative studies that reported the effects of psychological interventions on anxiety, depression, fear of childbirth, and/or PTSD symptoms in selective (at risk of traumatic childbirth experience) or indicated (self-defined childbirth experience as traumatic for any reason) populations of parents (mothers and/or fathers) were included. Eight studies were included and meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effect model. All studies were conducted on mothers only, and one study had minimal father involvement. Results showed that psychological interventions were more effective in reducing fear of childbirth and improving PTSD symptoms compared to anxiety and depression. Greater improvement in depression was reported at 3–8 weeks’ follow-up than at immediate post-intervention. Subgroup analyses showed that technology-based interventions were feasible, and indicated interventions were more effective than selective interventions. Conducting future interventions in more geographical regions, engaging and including fathers more actively, incorporating both personalized professional therapy and informal peer support, striving for flexibility and convenience, as well as addressing topics on self-doubt and coping skills can improve current interventions.

考虑到创伤性分娩经历可能对父母的心理健康产生不利影响，调查了为这组父母提供产后心理支持的可能性的研究需要进行评估。本系统评价旨在检验心理干预在改善经历过创伤性分娩的父母在焦虑、抑郁、分娩恐惧和创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 症状方面的心理健康方面的有效性。从各自的开始日期到 2021 年 1 月，搜索了七个电子数据库。只有定量研究报告了心理干预对焦虑、抑郁、分娩恐惧、和/或 PTSD 症状在选择性（有创伤性分娩经历的风险）或有指征（自我定义的分娩经历因任何原因造成创伤）的父母（母亲和/或父亲）人群中被包括在内。纳入了八项研究，并使用随机效应模型进行了荟萃分析。所有研究均仅针对母亲进行，其中一项研究的父亲参与最少。结果表明，与焦虑和抑郁相比，心理干预在减少对分娩的恐惧和改善 PTSD 症状方面更有效。据报道，在 3-8 周的随访中，抑郁症的改善比立即干预后的改善更大。亚组分析表明，基于技术的干预是可行的，指示性干预比选择性干预更有效。