Transformation of biomass-based feedstocks to fuels or valuable chemicals is of great importance to reduce our reliance on fossil resources. In this work, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) production through catalytic transfer hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in liquid phase was investigated over ternary Cu_xZnAl catalysts using isopropanol as hydrogen donor. The excellent catalytic performance of the Cu_xZnAl catalysts can be attributed to the well-dispersed Cu species with optimal proportions of Cu²⁺, Cu⁰, and Cu⁺. The synergistic effect of Cu⁰ and Cu⁺ is proposed to be responsible for the high hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis activity of 5-HMF. Using the Cu₂ZnAl-600-300 catalyst (calcinated at 600°C and reduced at 300°C), 91.7% DMF yield was achieved under 180°C within 4 h. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, H₂ temperature-programmed reduction, NH₃ temperature-programmed desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to investigate the structure–performance relationship and the reasons for the high catalytic performance of Cu₂ZnAl-600-300.

中文翻译：

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CuxZnAl催化剂上5-羟甲基糠醛高效催化转移加氢制2,5-二甲基呋喃

将生物质原料转化为燃料或有价值的化学品对于减少我们对化石资源的依赖非常重要。在这项工作中，研究了使用异丙醇作为氢供体在三元 Cu _x ZnAl 催化剂上通过5-羟甲基糠醛 (5-HMF) 的液相催化转移氢化生产 2,5-二甲基呋喃 (DMF) 。_{Cu x} ZnAl 催化剂的优异催化性能可归因于具有最佳比例的Cu ²⁺、Cu ⁰和Cu ⁺的良好分散的Cu物种。^{Cu 0}和Cu ⁺的协同作用被认为是 5-HMF 高加氢/氢解活性的原因。使用Cu ₂ ZnAl-600-300催化剂（600℃煅烧，300℃还原），180℃下4小时内DMF收率为91.7%。采用高分辨率透射电子显微镜、能量色散X射线光谱、X射线衍射、H ₂程序升温还原、NH ₃程序升温脱附和X射线光电子能谱研究结构-性能关系和Cu ₂ ZnAl-600-300催化性能高的原因。