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Dietary lipids from body to brain
Progress in Lipid Research ( IF 13.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101144
Custers 1 , E M Emma 1 , Kiliaan 1 , J Amanda 1
Affiliation  

Dietary habits have drastically changed over the last decades in Western societies. The Western diet, rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans fatty acids (TFA), omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) and cholesterol, is accepted as an important factor in the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes type 2. Alongside these diseases, nutrition is associated with the prevalence of brain disorders. Although clinical and epidemiological studies revealed that metabolic diseases and brain disorders might be related, the underlying pathology is multifactorial, making it hard to determine causal links. Neuroinflammation can be a result of unhealthy diets that may cause alterations in peripheral metabolism. Especially, dietary fatty acids are of interest, as they act as signalling molecules responsible for inflammatory processes. Diets rich in n-6 PUFA, SFA and TFA increase neuroinflammation, whereas diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), omega-3 (n-3) PUFA and sphingolipids (SL) can diminish neuroinflammation. Moreover, these pro- and anti-inflammatory diets might indirectly influence neuroinflammation via the adipose tissue, microbiome, intestine and vasculature. Here, we review the impact of nutrition on brain health. In particular, we will discuss the role of dietary lipids in signalling pathways directly applicable to inflammation and neuronal function.



中文翻译:

从身体到大脑的膳食脂质

在过去的几十年里,西方社会的饮食习惯发生了巨大的变化。西方饮食富含饱和脂肪酸 (SFA)、反式脂肪酸 (TFA)、omega-6 多不饱和脂肪酸 (n-6 PUFA) 和胆固醇,被认为是代谢紊乱发展的重要因素,例如肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病。除了这些疾病,营养与脑部疾病的流行有关。尽管临床和流行病学研究表明代谢疾病和脑部疾病可能相关,但潜在的病理是多因素的,因此很难确定因果关系。神经炎症可能是不健康饮食的结果,可能导致外周代谢改变。特别是,膳食脂肪酸是令人感兴趣的,因为它们充当负责炎症过程的信号分子。富含 n-6 PUFA、SFA 和 TFA 的饮食会增加神经炎症,而富含单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA)、omega-3 (n-3) PUFA 和鞘脂 (SL) 的饮食可以减少神经炎症。此外,这些促炎和抗炎饮食可能通过脂肪组织、微生物组、肠道和脉管系统间接影响神经炎症。在这里,我们回顾了营养对大脑健康的影响。特别是,我们将讨论膳食脂质在直接适用于炎症和神经元功能的信号通路中的作用。这些促炎和抗炎饮食可能通过脂肪组织、微生物组、肠道和脉管系统间接影响神经炎症。在这里,我们回顾了营养对大脑健康的影响。特别是,我们将讨论膳食脂质在直接适用于炎症和神经元功能的信号通路中的作用。这些促炎和抗炎饮食可能通过脂肪组织、微生物组、肠道和脉管系统间接影响神经炎症。在这里,我们回顾了营养对大脑健康的影响。特别是,我们将讨论膳食脂质在直接适用于炎症和神经元功能的信号通路中的作用。

更新日期:2021-12-17
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