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Sustainable farming techniques and farm size for rice smallholders in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: A slack-based technical efficiency approach
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2021.107775
Le Canh Bich Tho 1 , Chieko Umetsu 1
Affiliation  

Small farm size and fragmented land are considered constraining agricultural development. This study uses the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2016 (VHLSS 2016) dataset to measure the technical efficiency of rice smallholders and its determinants, including farm size, in the Mekong Delta. Data envelopment analysis was employed to examine efficiency scores in the first stage based on data of 506 paddy farms. The overall efficiency calculated through slack-based measure was low at 0.59 and the input slacks were quite large. This indicated that local farmers have not been using their resources efficiently in producing paddy. Further, farms smaller than 2 ha faced low overall efficiency at 54% and higher slacks in terms of all input types. The second-stage Tobit result showed that all types of efficiency could be improved if farmers expanded their farm size and reduced the over-use of inputs. Thus, enabling small farms to achieve economies of scale through collective farming in the Large Field Model (LFM) will be critical for upgrading production efficiency and reducing slacks as labor costs rise and natural resources are constrained. It is recommended that farmers should follow strictly eco-friendly farming packages in order to reduce their current excessive usage of seed cost by 28 USD/ha, pesticides by 61 USD/ha, and fertilizers by 155 kg/ha to reach efficient production frontier. The government needs to take measures to replicate and closely monitor climate smart agriculture programs in large-scale production to improve the overall efficiency of paddy sector, in addition to the important goal of protecting the environment and natural resources of the region.

Availability of data and materials

The VHLSS 2016 questionnaire section and dataset analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.



中文翻译:

越南湄公河三角洲水稻小农的可持续耕作技术和农场规模:基于松弛的技术效率方法

农场规模小和土地分散被认为限制了农业发展。本研究使用 2016 年越南家庭生活水平调查 (VHLSS 2016) 数据集来衡量湄公河三角洲水稻小农的技术效率及其决定因素,包括农场规模。基于506个稻田的数据,采用数据包络分析来检验第一阶段的效率得分。通过基于松弛的度量计算的整体效率低至 0.59,并且输入松弛相当大。这表明当地农民没有有效地利用他们的资源生产稻谷。此外,小于 2 公顷的农场在所有投入类型方面都面临着 54% 的低总体效率和更多的闲置。第二阶段的 Tobit 结果表明,如果农民扩大农场规模并减少投入物的过度使用,所有类型的效率都可以提高。因此,在劳动力成本上升和自然资源受限的情况下,通过大田模式 (LFM) 中的集体农业使小农场能够实现规模经济对于提高生产效率和减少生产效率至关重要。建议农民严格遵循生态友好的农业方案,以将目前过度使用的种子成本降低 28 美元/公顷,农药成本降低 61 美元/公顷,化肥成本降低 155 公斤/公顷,以达到高效生产的前沿。政府需要采取措施,在大规模生产中复制和密切监测气候智能农业计划,以提高稻谷部门的整体效率,

数据和材料的可用性

本研究中分析的 VHLSS 2016 问卷部分和数据集可根据合理要求从相应作者处获得。

更新日期:2021-12-13
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