Abstract

A rapid increase in global industrialization has resulted in the extensive use of bisphenol-A (BPA). The presence of BPA in the environment resulting from the discharge of industrial effluents affects the quality of surrounding land and water bodies. Continuous exposure of BPA into the environment affects human health because BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Therefore, the removal of BPA has become considerably crucial to protect the environment and human health. This study examined the effect of the most important parameters, namely pH, temperature, inoculum size, and substrate concentration, on BPA removal. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used in this study, under free (non-immobilized) and immobilized conditions. Batch experiments using an Erlenmeyer flask were conducted to optimize conditions for the maximum removal of BPA. A BPA concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, inoculum size of 0.8 mL, a temperature of 35 °C, and a pH of 7 were the optimum conditions for the maximum BPA removal. Under these conditions, the maximum BPA removal was observed in immobilized P. aeruginosa compared with non-immobilized cells (free cells of P. aeruginosa). Furthermore, the feasibility of BPA removal on a large scale was determined using an inverse fluidized bed reactor (IFBR) with a working volume of 4 L and polypropylene as the carrier material operating under a batch mode. Hydrodynamic and mass transfer experiments were performed, and operating parameters, namely superficial gas velocity, percentage of bed expansion, and holdups, were optimized. The rate constants were calculated as 0.011 and 0.0946 h⁻¹ in IFBR and Erlenmeyer flask experiments, respectively.

摘要

全球工业化的快速发展导致双酚 A (BPA) 的广泛使用。工业废水排放导致环境中存在双酚 A，影响周围土地和水体的质量。BPA 持续暴露在环境中会影响人类健康，因为 BPA 是一种会干扰内分泌的化学物质。因此，去除 BPA 对保护环境和人类健康已变得相当重要。本研究考察了最重要的参数（即 pH 值、温度、接种量和底物浓度）对 BPA 去除的影响。铜绿假单胞菌在这项研究中，在自由（非固定）和固定条件下使用。使用锥形瓶进行了批次实验，以优化最大程度去除 BPA 的条件。BPA 浓度为 0.2 mg/mL、接种量为 0.8 mL、温度为 35 °C 和 pH 值为 7 是最大程度去除 BPA 的最佳条件。在这些条件下，与非固定化细胞（铜绿假单胞菌的游离细胞）相比，固定化铜绿假单胞菌中 BPA 去除率最高). 此外，使用工作体积为 4 L 的反向流化床反应器 (IFBR) 和聚丙烯作为载体材料在间歇模式下运行，确定了大规模去除 BPA 的可行性。进行了流体动力学和传质实验，并优化了操作参数，即表观气速、床层膨胀百分比和滞留量。在 IFBR 和锥形瓶实验中，速率常数分别计算为 0.011 和 0.0946 h ^{-1 。}