For more than three decades, infectious diseases have been one of the major causes of economic losses in the global shrimp industry. One of the deadliest of the shrimp pathogens is white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which causes mass mortality in farmed shrimp. Various aspects of WSSV pathogenicity have been studied, but in this review, we will focus only on one of them, namely metabolic reprogramming. WSSV’s modulation of host metabolism affects glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glutaminolysis and lipid metabolism. Several signaling pathways are involved in this regulation, including JAK-STAT, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, MAPK and Ras-Raf-MEK, with the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in particular playing a critical role in activating the WSSV-induced Warburg effect. Taken together, these changes benefit the virus by facilitating WSSV replication. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the metabolism-related aspects of WSSV pathogenesis, and discuss the mechanisms by which this virus reprograms its host's metabolic pathways. A deeper understanding of these pathways, key metabolic enzymes and signaling mechanisms is potentially important for the development of effective anti-WSSV strategies.

中文翻译：

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白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）对虾代谢的调控

三十多年来，传染病一直是全球虾业经济损失的主要原因之一。最致命的虾病原体之一是白斑综合症病毒 (WSSV)，它会导致养殖虾大量死亡。已经研究了 WSSV 致病性的各个方面，但在这篇综述中，我们将只关注其中之一，即代谢重编程。WSSV 对宿主代谢的调节影响糖酵解、三羧酸 (TCA) 循环、谷氨酰胺分解和脂质代谢。该调控涉及多种信号通路，包括 JAK-STAT、PI3K-AKT-mTOR、MAPK 和 Ras-Raf-MEK，其中 PI3K-Akt-mTOR 通路尤其在激活 WSSV 诱导的 Warburg 效应中起关键作用. 总之，这些变化通过促进 WSSV 复制使病毒受益。在这篇综述中，我们总结了当前关于 WSSV 发病机制的代谢相关方面的知识，并讨论了这种病毒重新编程其宿主代谢途径的机制。更深入地了解这些途径、关键代谢酶和信号传导机制对于开发有效的抗 WSSV 策略可能很重要。