The USD6 billion Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fisheries produce over half the world's tuna and are important for coastal countries. Tuna fisheries policy, management and research currently focus on fisheries resources and industrial fishing on offshore vessels with all male crews, although women, as much as men, are employed in tuna processing and trading in domestic, informal and export value chains. We apply a gender lens to four WCPO case-study tuna industries: Suva and Levuka in Fiji, Bitung in Indonesia, General Santos City in the Philippines and Western Province including Noro in Solomon Islands. The gender divisions of labour, livelihood opportunities and social impacts vary greatly across the value chain nodes, depending on the size, quantity and quality of fish handled, and the scale of operations. The gender lens also reveals the social impacts of fishing when husbands/fathers/sons are killed or injured, absent for long periods and engage in sex, drugs and alcohol behaviours in port. Despite the centrality of women in tuna industries, and the gendered social impacts, regional and national policies largely omit gender. The tuna discourse should be broadened from that of male-dominated industrial fishing to whole of value chains including domestic and informal enterprises in which women are equally involved. Progress on gender equity needs collaboration by multiple stakeholders including industrial firms employing people in factories, offices and on fishing vessels, regional bodies and national governments responsible for policy, monitoring and regulation, and research agencies to build knowledge.

中文翻译：

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金枪鱼也是女性的生意：将性别视角应用于西太平洋和中太平洋的四个案例

价值 60 亿美元的西太平洋和中太平洋 (WCPO) 金枪鱼渔业产量占世界金枪鱼产量的一半以上，对沿海国家非常重要。金枪鱼渔业政策、管理和研究目前的重点是渔业资源和所有男性船员的近海船只上的工业捕捞，尽管在国内、非正规和出口价值链中，女性和男性一样受雇于金枪鱼加工和贸易。我们将性别视角应用于四个 WCPO 案例研究金枪鱼行业：斐济的苏瓦和莱武卡、印度尼西亚的比通、菲律宾的桑托斯将军城和包括所罗门群岛的诺罗在内的西部省份。价值链节点的性别分工、生计机会和社会影响差异很大，具体取决于所处理鱼类的规模、数量和质量以及经营规模。性别视角还揭示了当丈夫/父亲/儿子被杀或受伤、长期缺席以及在港口从事性、吸毒和酗酒行为时捕鱼的社会影响。尽管女性在金枪鱼产业中占据中心地位，并且具有性别化的社会影响，但区域和国家政策在很大程度上忽略了性别问题。金枪鱼的讨论应该从男性主导的工业捕捞扩大到整个价值链，包括女性平等参与的家庭和非正规企业。性别平等的进展需要多个利益相关者的合作，包括在工厂、办公室和渔船上雇用人员的工业公司、负责政策、监测和监管的区域机构和国家政府，以及研究机构以建立知识。