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Sexual orientation and gender influence perceptions of disciplinary fit: Implications for sexual and gender diversity in STEM
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy ( IF 1.375 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-07 , DOI: 10.1111/asap.12290
Lindsay Palmer 1, 2 , Jes L. Matsick 1, 2 , Samantha M. Stevens 1 , Emily Kuehrmann 1
Affiliation  

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) represent a highly valued academic discipline and career path in the 21st century; yet some individuals are excluded or discouraged from pursuing STEM because of their social group membership. Despite decades of research on social identity and fit within STEM (e.g., by gender and race), the psychological literature on issues within STEM based on sexual orientation is scant. We draw on notions of false dichotomies (i.e., social versus technical, personal versus professional, and subjectivity and interpretivism versus objectivity and positivism) to theorize how gender and sexual orientation influence perceived congruity with STEM as well as the Humanities. In the current study, we randomly assigned heterosexual participants (N = 318, Mage = 40, 52% women, 74% White) to rate one of five target groups (lesbian women, gay men, heterosexual women, heterosexual men, scientists) in terms of their perceived overlap with STEM and Humanities. We also assessed differences between target groups in terms of being rated as communal, agentic, and scientific. Results indicated that participants perceived lesbian women and gay men as less close to STEM than heterosexual men because they perceived lesbian and gay people as less agentic. In contrast, participants perceived lesbian women and gay men as closer to the Humanities than heterosexual men because they perceived lesbian and gay people as more communal. Drawing from these findings, we emphasize the profound implications of academic exclusion for lesbian and gay individuals.

中文翻译:

性取向和性别影响对学科契合的看法:对 STEM 中性和性别多样性的影响

科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)代表了 21 世纪高度重视的学科和职业道路;然而,由于他们的社会群体成员身份,一些人被排除或不鼓励追求 STEM。尽管对 STEM 中的社会认同和契合度(例如,按性别和种族)进行了数十年的研究,但关于 STEM 中基于性取向的问题的心理学文献却很少。我们利用错误二分法(即社会与技术、个人与专业、主观性和解释主义与客观性和实证主义)的概念来理论化性别和性取向如何影响与 STEM 以及人文学科的感知一致性。在目前的研究中,我们随机分配了异性恋参与者(N = 318,Mage = 40,52% 的女性,74% 白人)根据与 STEM 和人文学科的重叠程度对五个目标群体(女同性恋女性、男同性恋、异性恋女性、异性恋男性、科学家)之一进行评分。我们还评估了目标群体在被评为公共、代理和科学方面的差异。结果表明,与异性恋男性相比,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不太接近 STEM,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不那么主动。相比之下,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者比异性恋者更接近人文学科,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者更具有公共性。根据这些发现,我们强调学术排斥对男女同性恋者的深远影响。科学家)在他们认为与 STEM 和人文学科的重叠方面。我们还评估了目标群体在被评为公共、代理和科学方面的差异。结果表明,与异性恋男性相比,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不太接近 STEM,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不那么主动。相比之下,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者比异性恋者更接近人文学科,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者更具有公共性。根据这些发现,我们强调学术排斥对男女同性恋者的深远影响。科学家)在他们认为与 STEM 和人文学科的重叠方面。我们还评估了目标群体在被评为公共、代理和科学方面的差异。结果表明,与异性恋男性相比,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不太接近 STEM,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不那么主动。相比之下,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者比异性恋者更接近人文学科,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者更具有公共性。根据这些发现,我们强调学术排斥对男女同性恋者的深远影响。结果表明,与异性恋男性相比,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不太接近 STEM,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不那么主动。相比之下,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者比异性恋者更接近人文学科,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者更具有公共性。根据这些发现,我们强调学术排斥对男女同性恋者的深远影响。结果表明,与异性恋男性相比,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不太接近 STEM,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者不那么主动。相比之下,参与者认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者比异性恋者更接近人文学科,因为他们认为女同性恋者和男同性恋者更具有公共性。根据这些发现,我们强调学术排斥对男女同性恋者的深远影响。
更新日期:2021-12-07
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