A number of studies regarding the effect of orthokeratology (OK) on myopia progression have been published and shown that it can slow myopia progression in school-aged children. Recently, OK has been considered to be one of the most effective optical treatments for myopia control. This article reviewed the peer-reviewed literature on the efficacy of OK for myopia control. Although it cannot halt myopia progression completely, the inhibitory effect on axial elongation for 2 years has been reported to be from 32% to 63%, as compared with single-vision spectacles and contact lenses. In addition, the efficacy and acceptable safety have been confirmed even in several long-term studies up to 10 years. However, the possibility of a rebound phenomenon in myopia progression after OK discontinuation remains unknown. It is also unclear how long the treatment should be continued to attain the maximum benefit in each patient. In the near future, further research including assessment of rebound phenomenon should be conducted with longer follow-up periods in more diverse populations.

许多关于角膜塑形术 (OK) 对近视进展影响的研究已经发表，并表明它可以减缓学龄儿童的近视进展。最近，OK被认为是近视控制最有效的光学疗法之一。本文回顾了有关OK对近视控制效果的同行评议文献。尽管它不能完全阻止近视的发展，但据报道，与单光眼镜和隐形眼镜相比，对轴伸长的抑制作用 2 年为 32% 至 63%。此外，甚至在长达 10 年的几项长期研究中也证实了疗效和可接受的安全性。然而，OK 停药后近视进展出现反弹现象的可能性仍然未知。还不清楚治疗应持续多长时间才能使每位患者获得最大益处。在不久的将来，应在更多样化的人群中进行包括反弹现象评估在内的进一步研究，并延长随访时间。