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Uranium partitioning from contaminated wetland soil to aqueous and suspended iron-floc phases: Implications of dynamic hydrologic conditions on contaminant release
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2021.11.034
Connor J. Parker 1, 2 , Daniel I. Kaplan 3 , John C. Seaman 4 , Brian A. Powell 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Environmental mobility of anthropogenic heavy metal releases is governed by site-specific hydrobiogeochemical factors. Uranium (U) releases from 1965 to 1988 resulted in contamination of the Tims Branch wetland at the United States Department of Energy Savannah River Site (SRS) near Aiken, South Carolina. Today, 80% of the 43,000 kg released remain sequestered in soils of two former ponds, Beaver Pond and Steed Pond. The objective of this study was to understand U partitioning from contaminated wetland sediments to aqueous and particulate iron-floc phases. The approach was to correlate U, iron (Fe), and organic matter (OM) in soil cores at key depositional areas; determine U and Fe concentrations in aqueous- and solid-phases in the stream; and compare these stream water data following two storm events. Uranium was released into an outfall canal leading away from the SRS M-Area and first deposited in a topographically low area where a beaver pond is frequently in place. Uranium soil concentrations in Beaver Pond exceed 14,000 µg/g and a second deposition area 1 km downgradient in a former farm pond (Steed Pond) has U soil concentrations near 300 µg/g. Uranium releases to the stream are minimal at Beaver Pond, but U incorporation into Fe-OM colloids, or flocs, at Steed Pond results in appreciable fluxes of U from the wetland. This work yields four key conclusions. At the kilometer and meter scales, geochemistry cannot be the sole predictor of U mobility, as the anthropogenic U deposition is geologically young relative to Fe and OM. Storm intensity and duration do not appear to be directly proportional to U releases from the wetland, as flooding decreases U inclusion in mobile flocs. The mass of suspended solids present in a stream reach often governs how much U moves. The solid-bound U inventory at Beaver Pond does not enter the mobile aqueous phase as easily as Steed Pond U, resulting in U sequestration amid wetland metal cycling in Tims Branch. This work expands upon studies conducted in the 1990′s and early 2000′s, improving our understanding of the geochemical controls of uranium migration through Tims Branch, particularly with respect to the changes over the last 30+ years. Current wetland conditions do not favor significant U movement, but long-term changes in local and regional hydrology may alter this delicate biogeochemical balance.



中文翻译:

铀从受污染的湿地土壤分配到水相和悬浮铁絮相:动态水文条件对污染物释放的影响

人为重金属释放的环境流动性受特定地点的水生地球化学因素控制。1965 年至 1988 年期间的铀 (U) 释放导致美国能源部南卡罗来纳州艾肯附近萨凡纳河站点 (SRS) 的 Tims Branch 湿地受到污染。今天,释放的 43,000 公斤的 80% 仍然隔离在两个以前的池塘,海狸池塘和骏马池塘的土壤中。本研究的目的是了解 U 从受污染的湿地沉积物到水相和颗粒铁絮相的分配。该方法是关联关键沉积区土壤核心中的 U、铁 (Fe) 和有机质 (OM);确定流中水相和固相中 U 和 Fe 的浓度;并比较两次风暴事件后的这些河流水数据。铀被释放到一条远离 SRS M 区的排污管中,并首先沉积在一个地势低洼的地区,那里经常有一个海狸池塘。Beaver Pond 中的铀土壤浓度超过 14,000 µg/g,位于前农场池塘(Steed Pond)下坡 1 公里处的第二个沉积区的 U 土壤浓度接近 300 µg/g。在 Beaver Pond 向溪流中释放的铀最少,但在 Steed Pond 中 U 掺入 Fe-OM 胶体或絮凝物会导致来自湿地的 U 可观通量。这项工作产生了四个关键结论。在千米和米尺度上,地球化学不能成为 U 迁移率的唯一预测因子​​,因为人为 U 沉积相对于 Fe 和 OM 而言在地质上是年轻的。风暴强度和持续时间似乎与湿地的 U 释放不成正比,随着洪水减少移动絮凝物中的 U 含量。流段中存在的悬浮固体的质量通常决定了 U 移动的程度。Beaver Pond 的固体结合 U 存量不像 Steed Pond U 那样容易进入流动水相,导致在 Tims Branch 的湿地金属循环中截留 U。这项工作扩展了在 1990 年代和 2000 年代初期进行的研究,提高了我们对通过蒂姆斯分支的铀迁移地球化学控制的理解,特别是关于过去 30 多年的变化。当前的湿地条件不利于显着的 U 运动,但地方和区域水文的长期变化可能会改变这种微妙的生物地球化学平衡。Beaver Pond 的固体结合 U 存量不像 Steed Pond U 那样容易进入流动水相,导致在 Tims Branch 的湿地金属循环中截留 U。这项工作扩展了在 1990 年代和 2000 年代初期进行的研究,提高了我们对通过蒂姆斯分支的铀迁移地球化学控制的理解,特别是关于过去 30 多年的变化。当前的湿地条件不利于显着的 U 运动,但地方和区域水文的长期变化可能会改变这种微妙的生物地球化学平衡。Beaver Pond 的固体结合 U 存量不像 Steed Pond U 那样容易进入流动水相,导致在 Tims Branch 的湿地金属循环中截留 U。这项工作扩展了在 1990 年代和 2000 年代初期进行的研究,提高了我们对通过蒂姆斯分支的铀迁移地球化学控制的理解,特别是关于过去 30 多年的变化。当前的湿地条件不利于显着的 U 运动,但地方和区域水文的长期变化可能会改变这种微妙的生物地球化学平衡。提高我们对通过 Tims Branch 对铀迁移的地球化学控制的理解,特别是关于过去 30 多年的变化。当前的湿地条件不利于显着的 U 运动,但地方和区域水文的长期变化可能会改变这种微妙的生物地球化学平衡。提高我们对通过 Tims Branch 对铀迁移的地球化学控制的理解,特别是关于过去 30 多年的变化。当前的湿地条件不利于显着的 U 运动,但地方和区域水文的长期变化可能会改变这种微妙的生物地球化学平衡。

更新日期:2021-12-27
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