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Effects of atmospheric pollutants on human health and deterioration of medieval historical architecture (North Africa, Tunisia)
Urban Climate ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2021.101046
Luis F.O. Silva 1 , Marcos L.S. Oliveira 1 , Alcindo Neckel 2 , Laércio Stolfo Maculan 2 , Celene B. Milanes 1 , Brian W. Bodah 2, 3 , Laura P. Cambrussi 2 , Guilherme L. Dotto 4
Affiliation  

Air pollution is a factor of concern on a global scale, accelerating the deterioration of historic medieval architecture and having harmful effects on human health. The general objective of this study is to understand the risks of atmospheric contamination that contribute to the degradation of the medieval historical heritage of (1) Bab El Bhar, (2) the Tunis Train Station and (3) the Bardo National Museum, in the City of Tunis, capital of Tunisia, located in North Africa. Sequentially, 64 samples were collected in SMPSs and 64 of dust particles in sites 1, 2 and 3, from 2015 to 2019. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) was utilized together with High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) and the coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS), which allowed a better characterization and identification of NPs in images, using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS). The Bab El Bhar SMPS samples yielded a higher proportion of ultrafine and organic particles. Sedimented dusts showed high proportions of organometallic particles (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Ti, V and Zn). The need to create public policies to protect both human health and physical historic infrastructure is noted, as this study identified dangerous elements harmful to human health in ultrafine particles, easily suspended by the wind and highly corrosive to historical buildings from the medieval period in the air of a busy metropolitan tourist site.



中文翻译:

大气污染物对人类健康的影响和中世纪历史建筑的恶化(北非、突尼斯)

空气污染是全球关注的一个因素,它加速了历史悠久的中世纪建筑的恶化,并对人类健康产生了有害影响。本研究的总体目标是了解导致 (1) Bab El Bhar、(2) 突尼斯火车站和 (3) Bardo 国家博物馆的中世纪历史遗产退化的大气污染风险。突尼斯市,突尼斯首都,位于北非。从 2015 年到 2019 年,依次在 SMPS 中收集了 64 个样本,并在地点 1、2 和 3 收集了 64 个灰尘颗粒。 场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE-SEM) 与高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HR-TEM) 一起使用并与能量色散 X 射线 (EDS) 相结合,使用能量色散 X 射线 (EDS) 可以更好地表征和识别图像中的 NP。Bab El Bhar SMPS 样品产生了更高比例的超细和有机颗粒。沉积的粉尘显示出高比例的有机金属颗粒(Al、As、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Ni、Pb、S、Sb、Se、Si、Sn、Ti 、V 和 Zn)。注意到需要制定公共政策来保护人类健康和物理历史基础设施,因为这项研究确定了超细颗粒中对人类健康有害的危险元素,这些颗粒很容易被风悬浮,并且对空气中中世纪时期的历史建筑具有高度腐蚀性一个繁忙的大都市旅游景点。沉积的粉尘显示出高比例的有机金属颗粒(Al、As、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Ni、Pb、S、Sb、Se、Si、Sn、Ti 、V 和 Zn)。注意到需要制定公共政策来保护人类健康和物理历史基础设施,因为这项研究确定了超细颗粒中对人类健康有害的危险元素,这些颗粒很容易被风悬浮,并且对空气中中世纪时期的历史建筑具有高度腐蚀性一个繁忙的大都市旅游景点。沉积的粉尘显示出高比例的有机金属颗粒(Al、As、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Ni、Pb、S、Sb、Se、Si、Sn、Ti 、V 和 Zn)。注意到需要制定公共政策来保护人类健康和物理历史基础设施,因为这项研究确定了超细颗粒中对人类健康有害的危险元素,这些颗粒很容易被风悬浮,并且对空气中中世纪时期的历史建筑具有高度腐蚀性一个繁忙的大都市旅游景点。

更新日期:2021-12-03
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