While the link between groundwater extraction and land subsidence is well documented, observations of land uplift associated with groundwater replenishment are less so. In the Perth Basin, Western Australia, a programme of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) commenced in August 2017 and is designed to sustain levels of hydraulic head in aquifers valuable for extraction. Space-based TerraSAR-X satellite radar measurements were used to capture the first 3.5 years of MAR, providing an insight into the evolution of ground uplift in the Perth Basin that is spatially and temporally related to the MAR injection volumes and the injection-induced changes in hydraulic head. Significantly, the X-band InSAR has spatial coverage around the single injection point, and the time series begins prior to the start of the injection, rather than a generalised study of ground surface and aquifer change from multiple groundwater recharge contributions. This enables the observed ground uplift to be correlated with the time of initial injection, pause, then resumption with increased volumes. The X-band InSAR identified maximum displacements of up to 20±3 mm in the vicinity of the injection bores, but which subside when injection is paused. The spread of displacements from the injection site extends over 14 km southwards with the dispersion pattern identifying linear boundaries that sharply delineate displacements in the north-west and north-east. The extent of the region impacted by ground uplift is likely linked to the distribution of extraction bores and heterogeneities in the subsurface geology, including a persistent linear feature that has not yet been considered in hydrogeological models of the region. This article focusses on the immediate surface response to the MAR injection, and identifying the constraining physical features for the injected recharge, thus providing an additional insight into the challenging and complex Perth Basin. It also demonstrates the millimetric accuracy possible from X-band radar satellites that permits MAR volumes to be managed to avoid infrastructure damage that may undermine public confidence in the MAR program.

虽然地下水开采和土地沉降之间的联系有据可查，但对与地下水补给相关的土地隆起的观察却不太清楚。在西澳大利亚的珀斯盆地，一项含水层补给管理 (MAR) 计划于 2017 年 8 月启动，旨在维持对开采有价值的含水层中的水头水平。天基 TerraSAR-X 卫星雷达测量用于捕获 MAR 的前 3.5 年，提供对珀斯盆地地面隆起演变的深入了解，该演变在空间和时间上与 MAR 注入量和注入引起的变化相关在液压头中。值得注意的是，X 波段 InSAR 在单个注入点周围具有空间覆盖，并且时间序列在注入开始之前开始，而不是对来自多个地下水补给贡献的地表和含水层变化的广义研究。这使得观察到的地面隆起与初始注入、暂停、然后随着体积增加而恢复的时间相关联。X 波段 InSAR 在注入孔附近识别出高达 20±3 毫米的最大位移，但在注入暂停时会减弱。来自注入点的位移向南延伸超过 14 公里，其分散模式确定了线性边界，这些边界清晰地描绘了西北和东北部的位移。受地面隆起影响的区域范围可能与开采孔的分布和地下地质的非均质性有关，包括该地区水文地质模型中尚未考虑的持久线性特征。本文侧重于对 MAR 注入的直接地表响应，并确定注入补给的约束物理特征，从而提供对具有挑战性和复杂性的珀斯盆地的额外见解。它还展示了 X 波段雷达卫星可能达到的毫米级精度，允许管理 MAR 体积以避免基础设施损坏，这可能会破坏公众对 MAR 计划的信心。