In this work, a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique with an Nd:YAG laser source was used to produce pure Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Cu-substituted HA (Cu-HA) coatings on stainless steel substrates in vacuum at room temperature. It is observed that the combined effects of percentages of Cu dopants and laser energy as well as annealing temperature significantly modify the crystallinity of the films. The morphology and structural properties of the deposited HA films were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. FESEM images displayed various shapes of nanoparticles with high-surface density throughout the area of the substrate and with typical sizes around 26–208 nm. XRD analysis confirmed that post-deposition annealing is essential to achieve the desired crystallinity and uniformity of coatings. The Raman spectrum of HA has peaks at 958.22, 437.48, and 587.05 cm−1 attributed to the ν1 PO43−, ν2 PO43−, and ν3 PO43−, respectively. The synthesized HA and Cu-HA crystalline films are nanostructures with dense and compact microstructures. Finally, irregular surface and crystalline structure of fabricated films lead to the extension of the surface and enhance the cell’s proliferation in medical uses and biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

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能量、温度和Cu掺杂涂层对脉冲激光沉积羟基磷灰石薄膜结晶度的影响

在这项工作中，使用带有 Nd:YAG 激光源的脉冲激光沉积 (PLD) 技术在室温下的真空中在不锈钢基材上制备纯羟基磷灰石 (HA) 和铜取代的 HA (Cu-HA) 涂层。可以观察到，Cu 掺杂剂的百分比和激光能量以及退火温度的综合影响显着改变了薄膜的结晶度。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM)、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和拉曼光谱分析沉积的 HA 薄膜的形态和结构特性。FESEM 图像显示了各种形状的纳米粒子，在整个基板区域具有高表面密度，典型尺寸约为 26-208 nm。XRD 分析证实，沉积后退火对于获得所需的涂层结晶度和均匀性至关重要。HA 的拉曼光谱在 958.22、437.48 和 587.05 cm处有峰值-1归因于ν1采购订单43-,ν2采购订单43-， 和ν3采购订单43-， 分别。合成的 HA 和 Cu-HA 结晶膜是具有致密和致密微观结构的纳米结构。最后，制造薄膜的不规则表面和晶体结构导致表面的延伸并增强细胞在医疗用途和生物医学应用中的增殖。