Continuous cropping of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) can result in soil degradation and yield decline. These negative effects could be alleviated by crop rotation. Green manure-potato rotation is being proposed as an alternative that can sustain high yield and soil quality in potato production system. However, the mechanisms by which biotic and abiotic factors are affected by different cropping sequences remain unclear. A 12-year green manure (G)-potato (P) rotation experiment was conducted to explore the response of potato yield, soil chemistry properties, and microbial community composition to different rotation sequences in North China, the cropping sequence treatment included 2-year of green manure and 1-year of potato (P1G2), 1-year of green manure and 2-year of potato (P2G1), and continuous cropping potato (P3), with a rotation period of 3-year. The content of NH₄⁺-N (AN), organic matter (OM), available potassium (AK), total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), and bacterial PLFAs in soil, and potato yield were higher in P1G2 compared with those in P2G1 and P3, while the ratio of fungal to bacterial biomarkers was decreased significantly than that in P3. Soil dominant bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonas, Proteobacteria, and Nitrospirae presented higher abundance in P1G2 relative to those in P2G1 and P3; however, phyla Actinobacteria decreased significantly in P1G2 than other two treatments. The beneficial microflora Sphingomonas, Haliangium, Gemmatimonas, and Pseudogymnoascus increased significantly in P1G2 over P2G1 and P3, and the pathogenic fungal Fusarium, Stagonosporopsis, Alternaria, and Lectera showed higher abundance in P3 than P1G2 and P2G1. The redundant analysis showed that soil AN, OM, AP, and AK were positively correlated with dominant flora of bacteria and fungi in P1G2, and were negatively correlated with dominant flora of bacteria and fungi in P3. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that the conversion of cropping sequences had a direct positive effect on the fungal community rather than the bacterial community. Overall, the rotation cropping combined green manure and potato attained higher potato yield by maintaining higher soil fertility and healthy ecosystem, we also gave a suggestion on rotation sequences combined yield and economic benefits of potato.

马铃薯连作（Solanum tuberosum L .) 会导致土壤退化和产量下降。轮作可以减轻这些负面影响。绿肥-马铃薯轮作被提议作为一种替代方案，可以在马铃薯生产系统中维持高产和土壤质量。然而，生物和非生物因素受不同种植顺序影响的机制仍不清楚。【摘要】：通过12年绿肥(G)-马铃薯(P)轮作试验,探讨华北地区马铃薯产量、土壤化学性质和微生物群落组成对不同轮作序列的响应,种植序列处理包括2年绿肥1年马铃薯(P1G2)、1年绿肥2年马铃薯(P2G1)、连作马铃薯(P3)，轮作3年。NH ₄的含量⁺土壤中-N(AN)、有机质(OM)、速效钾(AK)、总磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)、细菌PLFAs和马铃薯产量在P1G2中高于P2G1和P3，而真菌到细菌生物标志物的含量显着低于 P3。与 P2G1 和 P3 相比，土壤优势细菌门拟杆菌门、Gemmatimonas、Proteobacteria 和 Nitrospirae 在 P1G2 中的丰度更高；然而，与其他两种处理相比，P1G2 中的放线菌门显着减少。P1G2 中有益菌群 Sphingomonas、Haliangium、Gemmatimonas 和 Pseudogymnoascus 显着高于 P2G1 和 P3，致病真菌 Fusarium、Stagonosporopsis、Alternaria 和 Lectera 在 P3 中的丰度高于 P1G2 和 P2G1。冗余分析表明，土壤 AN、OM、AP、P1G2中AK和AK与细菌和真菌优势菌群呈正相关，与P3中细菌和真菌优势菌群呈负相关。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，种植序列的转换对真菌群落而不是细菌群落有直接的积极影响。总体而言，绿肥和马铃薯轮作结合保持了较高的土壤肥力和健康的生态系统，获得了较高的马铃薯产量，并对马铃薯的产量和经济效益相结合的轮作顺序提出了建议。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，种植序列的转换对真菌群落而不是细菌群落有直接的积极影响。总体而言，绿肥和马铃薯轮作结合保持了较高的土壤肥力和健康的生态系统，获得了较高的马铃薯产量，并对马铃薯的产量和经济效益相结合的轮作顺序提出了建议。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，种植序列的转换对真菌群落而不是细菌群落有直接的积极影响。总体而言，绿肥和马铃薯轮作结合保持了较高的土壤肥力和健康的生态系统，获得了较高的马铃薯产量，并对马铃薯的产量和经济效益相结合的轮作顺序提出了建议。