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Operator and entanglement growth in nonthermalizing systems: Many-body localization and the random singlet phase
Physical Review B ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-02 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.104.214202
Ian MacCormack , Mao Tian Tan , Jonah Kudler-Flam , Shinsei Ryu

We characterize the growth and spreading of operators and entanglement in two paradigmatic nonthermalizing phases—the many-body localized (MBL) phase and the random singlet phase (RSP)—using the entanglement contour and multipartite operator entanglement measures. The entanglement contour characterizes the spacetime spreading of entanglement and reveals logarithmically growing entanglement light cones in the MBL and RSP phases, sharply contrasting the linear light cones of clean, thermalizing systems. The operator entanglement characterizes scrambling, i.e., the delocalization of information. We find slow scrambling behavior in the MBL phase; the late-time value of the tripartite mutual information scales linearly with system size, but is submaximal. The tripartite logarithmic negativity is also negative and nonzero, but smaller in magnitude, revealing an intriguing distinction between classical and quantum information scrambling in the MBL phase. This is in contrast with the RSP, which, as a noninteracting model, is nonscrambling.

中文翻译:

非热化系统中的算子和纠缠增长:多体定位和随机单线态

我们使用纠缠轮廓和多部分算子纠缠度量来表征算子和纠缠在两个典型的非热化阶段——多体局部化 (MBL) 阶段和随机单线态 (RSP) 阶段的增长和扩散。纠缠轮廓表征了纠缠的时空扩展,并揭示了 MBL 和 RSP 阶段中对数增长的纠缠光锥,与清洁热化系统的线性光锥形成鲜明对比。算子纠缠表征加扰,即信息的离域化。我们在 MBL 阶段发现了缓慢的加扰行为;三方互信息的后期值与系统规模成线性关系,但不是最大的。三方对数负性也是负且非零,但幅度较小,揭示了 MBL 阶段中经典和量子信息加扰之间的有趣区别。这与作为非交互模型的 RSP 形成对比,RSP 是非加扰的。
更新日期:2021-12-02
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