To measure axial and off-axis refraction patterns in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes in young healthy subjects at different target distances from 2.00 m (0.50 D) to 0.20 m (5.00 D) in terms of sphere, astigmatism, and spherical equivalent refraction. Refraction was measured at the center, 20 and 40 degrees from the line of sight both nasally and temporally in 15 emmetropic and 25 myopic young healthy subjects with an open field, binocular, infrared autorefractor (Grand Seiko WAM-5500, Hiroshima, Japan). Fixation target was a Maltese cross set at 2.00, 0.50, 0.33 and 0.20 m from the corneal plane. Changes in off-axis refraction with accommodation level were normalized with respect to distance axial values and compared between myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes. Off-axis refraction in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction was significantly more myopic in the temporal retina compared to lens free emmetropes except for the closest target distance. Relative off-axis refractive error changed significantly with accommodation when compared to axial refraction particularly in the myopic group. This change in the negative direction was due to changes in the spherical component of refraction that became more myopic relative to the center at the 0.20 m distance as the J0 component of astigmatism was significantly reduced in both emmetropes and myopes for the closest target. Accommodation to very near targets (up to 0.20 m) makes the off-axis refraction of myopes wearing their spectacle correction similar to that of lens free emmetropes. A significant reduction in off-axis astigmatism was also observed for the 0.20 m distance.

中文翻译：

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调节期间戴眼镜矫正和无镜片正视眼的近视眼的周边屈光

测量年轻健康受试者在 2.00 m (0.50 D) 至 0.20 m (5.00 D) 不同目标距离下，通过眼镜片矫正和无镜片正视眼的近视眼的球面、散光和散光的轴屈光模式和离轴屈光模式。球面等效折射。使用开放视野双目红外自动验光仪（日本广岛的 Grand Seiko WAM-5500）对 15 名正视眼和 25 名近视的年轻健康受试者在中心、鼻侧和颞侧距视线 20 度和 40 度处进行屈光测量。固定目标是设置在距角膜平面 2.00、0.50、0.33 和 0.20 m 处的马耳他十字。离轴屈光随调节水平的变化相对于距离轴值进行归一化，并在佩戴眼镜镜片矫正的近视眼和无镜片正视眼之间进行比较。与无镜片正视眼相比，佩戴眼镜镜片矫正的近视眼的离轴屈光在颞部视网膜中的近视程度明显更高，除了最近的目标距离之外。与轴屈光相比，尤其是近视组，相对离轴屈光不正随着调节而发生显着变化。这种负方向的变化是由于屈光的球面分量的变化，在 0.20 m 距离处相对于中心变得更加近视，因为对于最近目标，正视眼和近视眼的散光 J0 分量都显着减少。对非常近的目标（最多 0.20 m）的调节使得佩戴眼镜矫正的近视者的离轴屈光类似于无镜片正视眼的离轴屈光。0.20 m 距离处还观察到离轴散光显着减少。