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Characterization of Microplastic-Associated Biofilm Development along a Freshwater-Estuarine Gradient
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-30 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04108
Liyuan Qiang 1, 2, 3 , Jinping Cheng 4 , Seda Mirzoyan 5, 6 , Lee J Kerkhof 5 , Max M Häggblom 1
Affiliation  

Microplastic contamination is an increasing concern worldwide. Biofilms rapidly develop on surfaces in aquatic habitats, but the processes of biofilm formation and variation in bacterial community succession on different microplastics introduced into freshwater and estuarine environments are not well understood. In this study, the biofilm bacterial communities that developed on three different types of microplastics that are prevalent in the environment, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS), was investigated. Virgin microplastics were incubated in microcosms over a period of 31 days with water collected along a freshwater-estuarine gradient of the Raritan River in New Jersey. Through long-read MinION sequencing of bacterial ribosomal operons, we were able to examine biofilm bacterial communities at a species- and strain-level resolution. Results indicated that both salinity level and microplastic type impacted biofilm formation and promoted colonization by distinct microbial communities. Limnobacter thiooxidans was found to be one of the most abundant microplastics colonizing-bacteria, and it is hypothesized that different types of microplastics could select for different strains. Our findings indicate that multiple groups of highly similar L. thiooxidans rRNA operons could be discerned within the community profiles. Phylogenetic reconstruction further established that various Linmobacter species uniquely colonized the different microplastics from the different sampling sites. Our findings indicate that microplastics support abundant and diverse bacterial communities and that the various types of microplastics can influence how different bacterial biofilms develop, which may have ecological impacts on aquatic ecosystems.

中文翻译:

沿淡水 - 河口梯度的微塑料相关生物膜发育的表征

微塑料污染在全球范围内日益受到关注。生物膜在水生生境的表面上迅速发展,但引入淡水和河口环境的不同微塑料上的生物膜形成过程和细菌群落演替的变化尚不清楚。在这项研究中,研究了在环境中普遍存在的三种不同类型的微塑料,高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 和聚苯乙烯 (PS) 上形成的生物膜细菌群落。用新泽西州拉里坦河的淡水-河口梯度收集的水,将原始微塑料在微观世界中培养 31 天。通过对细菌核糖体操纵子进行长读长 MinION 测序,我们能够以物种和菌株级别的分辨率检查生物膜细菌群落。结果表明,盐度水平和微塑料类型都会影响生物膜的形成并促进不同微生物群落的定殖。Limnobacter thiooxidans被发现是最丰富的微塑料定植细菌之一,并且假设不同类型的微塑料可以选择不同的菌株。我们的研究结果表明,可以在群落概况中识别出多组高度相似的L. thiooxidans rRNA 操纵子。系统发育重建进一步证实,各种林杆菌属物种独特地定殖来自不同采样点的不同微塑料。我们的研究结果表明,微塑料支持丰富多样的细菌群落,并且各种类型的微塑料可以影响不同细菌生物膜的发育方式,这可能对水生生态系统产生生态影响。
更新日期:2021-12-21
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