BackgroundAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease death, or fatal or nonfatal stroke, is the leading cause of death in the United States. MI and stroke symptom awareness and response reduce delays in hospitalization and mortality.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed cross‐sectional data from the 2014 and 2017 National Health Interview Surveys on US‐ and foreign‐born adults from 9 regions of birth (Europe, South America, Mexico/Central America/Caribbean, Russia, Africa, Middle East, Indian subcontinent, Asia, and Southeast Asia). The outcomes were recommended MI and stroke knowledge, defined as knowing all 5 symptoms of MI or stroke, respectively, and choosing “call 9‐1‐1” as the best response. We included 63 059 participants, with a mean age 49.4 years; 54.1% were women, and 38.5% had a high school education or less. Recommended MI and stroke knowledge were highest in US‐born people. In both 2014 and 2017, MI knowledge was lowest in individuals born in Asia (23.9%±2.5% and 32.1%±3.3%, respectively), and stroke knowledge lowest for the Indian subcontinent (44.4%±2.4% and 46.0%±3.2%, respectively). Among foreign‐born adults, people from Russia and Europe had the highest prevalence of recommended MI knowledge in 2014 (37.4%±5.4%) and 2017 (43.5%±2.5%), respectively, and recommended stroke knowledge was highest in people from Europe (61.0%±2.6% and 67.2%±2.5%). Improvement in knowledge was not significant in all groups between 2014 and 2017.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a disparity in MI and stroke symptom awareness and response among immigrants in the United States. Culturally tailored public health education and health literacy initiatives are needed to help reduce these disparities in awareness.

中文翻译：

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全国健康访谈调查中美国和外国出生的成年人对心肌梗塞和中风症状的认识和反应的差异

背景动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病，定义为非致死性心肌梗死 (MI)、冠心病死亡或致死性或非致死性中风，是美国的主要死亡原因。MI 和中风症状意识和反应减少了住院时间和死亡率的延迟。方法和结果我们分析了 2014 年和 2017 年对来自 9 个出生地区（欧洲、南美洲、墨西哥/中美洲/加勒比、俄罗斯、非洲、中东、印度次大陆、亚洲和东南亚）。结果是推荐的心梗和卒中知识，定义为分别了解心梗或卒中的所有 5 种症状，并选择“呼叫 9-1-1”作为最佳反应。我们纳入了 63 059 名参与者，平均年龄 49.4 岁；54.1% 是女性，38 人。5% 的人受过高中或以下教育。推荐的 MI 和卒中知识在美国出生的人中最高。在 2014 年和 2017 年，亚洲出生的个体中 MI 知识最低（分别为 23.9%±2.5% 和 32.1%±3.3%），印度次大陆的中风知识最低（44.4%±2.4% 和 46.0%±3.2 ％， 分别）。在外国出生的成年人中，来自俄罗斯和欧洲的人在 2014 年（37.4%±5.4%）和 2017 年（43.5%±2.5%）分别具有最高的推荐 MI 知识流行率，推荐的卒中知识在欧洲人群中最高(61.0%±2.6% 和 67.2%±2.5%)。2014 年至 2017 年间，所有群体的知识改进并不显着。结论这些发现表明，美国移民对心肌梗死和中风症状的认识和反应存在差异。