The simultaneous detection of multiple biological small molecules is critical for human health evaluation and disease prevention. In this study, a nano-ZnS decorated hierarchically porous carbon (ZSHPC) electrocatalyst with multiple enzyme-like activities as a nanozyme sensing platform for simultaneous derivative voltametric detection of four important biological small molecules, dopamine (DA), uric acid (UA), guanine (G), and adenine (A), is successfully synthesized via an in situ hydrothermal reaction using leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) after the extraction of essential oil as a carbon source, ZnCl₂ as both zinc source and an activator, sulfuric acid as a sulfur source, and silica gel as a hard template. Activator together with the introduction of silica gel is beneficial for tuning pore structure. The in situ synthesized ZnS nanoparticles and sulfur doping improve the conductivity and cycling stability of the material. The ZSHPC electrode with multiple enzyme-like activities and oxidase-like characteristics was employed for the simultaneous detection of multiple target molecules in linear ranges of 0.3–500 μM with detection limits of 0.12 μM for DA, 0.26 μM for UA, 0.07 μM for G, and 0.075 μM for A. A derivative technique was selected for enhancing the peak resolution of the partial overlapped voltammograms and eliminating human error. Both the coefficient of determination and residual prediction deviation were used to evaluate this technique.

中文翻译：

---

Nano-ZnS装饰的具有多种类酶活性的分级多孔碳电催化剂作为纳米酶传感平台，用于同时检测多巴胺、尿酸、鸟嘌呤和腺嘌呤

同时检测多种生物小分子对于人类健康评估和疾病预防至关重要。在这项研究中，具有多种类酶活性的纳米 ZnS 修饰的分级多孔碳 (ZSHPC) 电催化剂作为纳米酶传感平台，用于同时对四种重要的生物小分子多巴胺 (DA)、尿酸 (UA)、在提取精油作为碳源 ZnCl ₂后，使用香樟 (L.) 的叶子，通过原位水热反应成功合成了鸟嘌呤 (G) 和腺嘌呤 (A)作为锌源和活化剂，硫酸作为硫源，硅胶作为硬模板。活化剂与硅胶的引入一起有利于调节孔结构。在原位合成的硫化锌纳米颗粒和硫掺杂提高了材料的导电性和循环稳定性。具有多种酶样活性和氧化酶样特性的 ZSHPC 电极用于同时检测线性范围为 0.3-500 μM 的多个目标分子，DA 检测限为 0.12 μM，UA 检测限为 0.26 μM，G 检测限为 0.07 μM ，A 为 0.075 μM。选择了一种衍生技术来提高部分重叠伏安图的峰值分辨率并消除人为错误。确定系数和残差预测偏差都用于评估该技术。