In the industrial field, it is of great interest to identify fast and low-cost manufacturing procedures to guarantee reliable and functional products. In this frame, 3D printing is a fast and low-cost innovative technique and its capability to produce fibre-reinforced polymer matrix composites widely opens the application possibilities. 3D printing technology can form also composite materials made by short fibres that can be exploited for manufacturing parts and structures in high-tech sectors such as aerospace, automotive or naval, to cite some. Here we show how a multimodal approach can furnish a whole characterisation of reinforced composites produced with a 3D printing technology during and after tensile and flexural tests. In the multimodal strategy, we employed a couple of full-field and non-contact optical techniques, i.e. 2D-Digital-Image-Correlation (2D-DIC) and Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) in combination with SEM and optical microscope for analysing the sample at the micro and macroscale. The result of the work allows us to achieve a complete characterisation of the components realized by 3D printing.

在工业领域，确定快速、低成本的制造程序以保证产品的可靠性和功能性非常重要。在这个框架中，3D 打印是一种快速且低成本的创新技术，其生产纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的能力广泛地打开了应用的可能性。3D 打印技术还可以形成由短纤维制成的复合材料，可用于制造航空航天、汽车或海军等高科技领域的零件和结构。在这里，我们展示了多模态方法如何在拉伸和弯曲测试期间和之后提供使用 3D 打印技术生产的增强复合材料的整体表征。在多模态策略中，我们采用了几种全场和非接触式光学技术，即 2D 数字图像相关 (2D-DIC) 和电子散斑图案干涉法 (ESPI) 与 SEM 和光学显微镜相结合，用于在微观和宏观尺度上分析样品。这项工作的结果使我们能够对 3D 打印实现的组件进行完整的表征。