The water-lubricated bearing in ship propulsion system is easily impacted by sea wave shock, which is a great threat to the smooth start-up of the bearing system. Therefore, in the present research, the Euler equations, average Reynolds equation, and sea wave shock function are combined together to build the start-up model of water-lubricated bearing. The influences of amplitude, direction, and entry time of sea wave shock on the start-up performance of bearing are studied. The result shows that the shaft has a strong instantaneous vibration under the influence of friction force at the initial start-up stage, and the shock load with appropriate direction and amplitude can suppress or even eliminate this vibration phenomenon. The earlier the shock enters the start-up process, the more serious asperity contact gets, and the worse the system’s stability becomes. The increase of the shock load amplitude and the advance of the shock load entry time can help the shaft rapidly lift off. This study can provide a reference for the smooth start-up of ship propulsion system in a sea wave environment.

船舶推进系统中的水润滑轴承容易受到海浪冲击，对轴承系统的顺利启动构成很大威胁。因此，在目前的研究中，将欧拉方程、平均雷诺方程和海浪冲击函数结合起来，建立了水润滑轴承的启动模型。研究了海浪冲击的幅度、方向和进入时间对轴承启动性能的影响。结果表明，轴在初始启动阶段在摩擦力的影响下具有强烈的瞬时振动，适当方向和幅度的冲击载荷可以抑制甚至消除这种振动现象。冲击越早进入启动过程，凹凸接触越严重，并且系统的稳定性变得越差。冲击载荷幅值的增加和冲击载荷进入时间的提前可以帮助轴快速升起。该研究可为船舶推进系统在海浪环境下的顺利启动提供参考。