Plasma generated by hypersonic aerocraft is one of the research subjects in computational electromagnetics. When the aerocraft flies at an ultra-high speed in the near space, plasma sheath will be generated in the surroundings and it will trigger varying changes in aerocraft radar electromagnetic scattering properties. Plasma sheath brings about tremendous impacts on the communication between the aerocraft and the outside world, and even ends with "blackout effects" to interrupt communication in severe cases. The interplay between the plasma sheath and the electromagnetic wave involves multiple disciplines covering aerodynamics, plasma sheath physics, and electromagnetic field theory. Therefore, it is challengeable to build a rigorous numerical modeling of the plasma sheath. In this paper, the latest technologies in the electromagnetic simulation of hypersonic aerocraft with plasma sheath are reviewed. Applied cases review and illustrate extensive approaches from approximate calculations to accurate calculations, including analytical methods, differential equation methods, integral equation methods and high-frequency approximation methods. The paper assesses the RCS of electromagnetic wave in analyzing the electromagnetic scattering problem in plasma. With the considerations the reality of electromagnetic simulation and future challenges, the paper talks about the efficiency, advantages and disadvantages of these approaches in simulating hypersonic aerocraft targets.

高超声速飞行器产生的等离子体是计算电磁学的研究课题之一。飞行器在近太空超高速飞行时，会在周围产生等离子体鞘层，引发飞行器雷达电磁散射特性的变化。等离子鞘对飞行器与外界的通信带来巨大的影响，严重时甚至以“停电效应”结束通信。等离子体鞘层和电磁波之间的相互作用涉及多个学科，涵盖空气动力学、等离子体鞘层物理学和电磁场理论。因此，建立严格的等离子体鞘层数值模型具有挑战性。在本文中，综述了具有等离子体鞘的高超音速飞机电磁模拟的最新技术。应用案例回顾并说明了从近似计算到精确计算的广泛方法，包括解析方法、微分方程方法、积分方程方法和高频近似方法。论文在分析等离子体中的电磁散射问题时评估了电磁波的RCS。结合电磁仿真的现实和未来的挑战，本文讨论了这些方法在仿真高超音速飞机目标方面的效率、优缺点。应用案例回顾并说明了从近似计算到精确计算的广泛方法，包括解析方法、微分方程方法、积分方程方法和高频近似方法。论文在分析等离子体中的电磁散射问题时评估了电磁波的RCS。结合电磁仿真的现实和未来的挑战，本文讨论了这些方法在仿真高超音速飞机目标方面的效率、优缺点。应用案例回顾并说明了从近似计算到精确计算的广泛方法，包括解析方法、微分方程方法、积分方程方法和高频近似方法。论文在分析等离子体中的电磁散射问题时评估了电磁波的RCS。结合电磁仿真的现实和未来的挑战，本文讨论了这些方法在仿真高超音速飞机目标方面的效率、优缺点。