Public concerns on image encryption grow significantly as the development and application of edge computing and the Internet of Things intensified recently. However, most existing image cryptosystems are not sophisticated enough to resist the two major attack strategies available currently, that is: 1) differential attacks and 2) chosen-plaintext attacks, which are famous for their destructive power, especially their capability of exploiting cryptosystems’ features to recover the secret key. In this article, we propose an artificial image, computational experiment, and parallel execution (ACP)-based color image encryption approach using redundant blocks. First, a redundant blocks strategy with redundant spaces is proposed to prevent differential attacks and accelerate operating speed while guaranteeing the security of image cryptosystems. Second, real-world chaotic data (e.g., stock data) are obtained to generate artificial images and conduct computational experiments. Furthermore, artificial images are encrypted via real-world chaos, while the original images are encrypted via simulated chaos (such as Chen’s hyperchaos). Finally, we design the process of parallel execution for image encryption and use DNA XOR to merge two groups of encrypted subimages to fuse the effect of the chaotic characteristics in both the real world and the simulation. The final encrypted image is realized through the recovery of redundant blocks. The ACP mechanism of color image encryption achieves the goal of improving the sophistication of chaos-based cryptosystems and resists both the differential and chosen-plaintext attacks. Experimental results and security analysis show that our approach provides not only excellent encryption but also security sufficient to prevent known attacks.

中文翻译：

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一种基于 ACP 的使用冗余块的彩色图像加密并行方法

近年来，随着边缘计算和物联网的发展和应用的深入，公众对图像加密的关注度显着上升。然而，大多数现有的图像密码系统都不够复杂，无法抵御目前可用的两种主要攻击策略，即：1）差分攻击和 2）选择明文攻击，它们以其破坏力，特别是利用密码系统的能力而闻名。恢复密钥的功能。在本文中，我们提出了一种使用冗余块的基于人工图像、计算实验和并行执行 (ACP) 的彩色图像加密方法。首先，提出了一种具有冗余空间的冗余块策略，以防止差分攻击并加快运行速度，同时保证图像密码系统的安全性。第二，获得真实世界的混沌数据（例如股票数据）以生成人工图像并进行计算实验。此外，人工图像通过真实世界的混沌进行加密，而原始图像通过模拟混沌（例如 Chen 的超混沌）进行加密。最后，我们设计了图像加密的并行执行过程，利用DNA异或将两组加密子图像合并，以融合真实世界和模拟环境中混沌特性的效果。最终的加密图像是通过冗余块的恢复来实现的。彩色图像加密的ACP机制实现了提高混沌密码系统复杂度的目的，同时抵抗差分攻击和选择明文攻击。