In this research, an integrated hydrometallurgical process for comprehensive recovery of valued metals and safe disposal of arsenic from copper smelting open-circuit (CSO) dust was developed. By sulfuric acid leaching, Cu, As, Zn and Cd can be selectively extracted into leachate while Pb and Bi were remained in the residue. Then, iron powder cementation, iron salt precipitation and Na₂CO₃ neutralization precipitation were adopt to successively recover Cu as sponge copper, remove As mainly as thermodynamically stable ferric arsenate and recover Zn and Cd as basic sulfate. Afterwards, the obtained ferric arsenate residue was solidified by cement with additive fulvic acid (FA). FA had an excellent performance and it can reduce arsenic leachability to 1.5 mg/L. The zeta potential, FTIR and SEM analyses indicated that FA chemically adsorbed onto the surfaces of ferric arsenate residue and cement hydrates through carboxylate groups. FA promoted the deposition of cement or cement hydrates on the surface of ferric arsenate residue, thereby enhancing the physical encapsulation of arsenic residue. This research demonstrates the possibility of comprehensively recovering metals and safely disposing arsenic from hazardous waste CSO dust by the developed integrated hydrometallurgical process, and thus it has good industrial application prospect.

在这项研究中，开发了一种综合湿法冶金工艺，用于从铜冶炼开路 (CSO) 粉尘中全面回收有价金属和安全处置砷。通过硫酸浸出，Cu、As、Zn和Cd可以被选择性地提取到浸出液中，而Pb和Bi则留在残渣中。然后，铁粉胶结、铁盐沉淀和Na ₂ CO ₃采用中和沉淀法依次以海绵铜形式回收Cu，主要以热力学稳定的砷酸铁形式去除As，以碱式硫酸盐形式回收Zn和Cd。之后，将得到的砷酸铁残留物通过添加富里酸 (FA) 的水泥固化。FA 性能优异，可将砷浸出率降低至 1.5 mg/L。zeta 电位、FTIR 和 SEM 分析表明，FA 通过羧酸盐基团化学吸附在砷酸铁残渣和水泥水合物的表面。FA促进了水泥或水泥水合物在砷酸铁渣表面的沉积，从而增强了对砷渣的物理包封。