Abstract

Introduction

Suicide is one of the main causes of death in adults and adolescents, so research focused on identifying risk factors for suicidal behavior is needed. In recent years, emotion regulation, mainly the presence of difficulties regulating one's own negative emotions, has been associated with negative mental health outcomes.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available evidence on the association between emotion regulation and suicide (ideation and attempt) in both adults and adolescents.

Method

A systematic search of scientific articles published in English and Spanish was carried out through the databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library.

Results

We identified 76 eligible studies, of which 70 reported that people with difficulties in emotion regulation reported higher levels of suicide ideation and more suicide attempts. The results were consistent in adolescents and adults, in clinical and general population samples, and when studies assessed both emotion regulation processes and strategies. However, few studies were longitudinal and most of them were with women.

Conclusions

We discuss the theoretical implications of the results, suggesting that actual psychological models might benefit from considering individual differences in ER in understanding why people engage in suicide behavior. Clinical implications are also discussed.

• HIGHLIGHTS

• Difficulties regulating one’s emotions is associated with suicide behavior (SI and SA).

• Consistent results at all the ages and in the clinical and general population.

• Individual differences in ER could help researchers to understand suicide.

中文翻译：

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成人和青少年情绪调节与自杀意念和企图的关系：系统评价

摘要

介绍

自杀是成人和青少年死亡的主要原因之一，因此需要集中研究确定自杀行为的风险因素。近年来，情绪调节，主要是调节自身负面情绪的困难，与负面的心理健康结果有关。

客观的

本研究的目的是系统地回顾有关成人和青少年情绪调节与自杀（意念和企图）之间关联的现有证据。

方法

通过 PsycINFO、MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库对以英语和西班牙语发表的科学文章进行了系统搜索。

结果

我们确定了 76 项符合条件的研究，其中 70 项报告称情绪调节有困难的人报告有更高水平的自杀意念和更多的自杀企图。结果在青少年和成人、临床和一般人群样本中以及研究评估情绪调节过程和策略时都是一致的。然而，很少有研究是纵向的，而且大多数研究都是针对女性的。

结论

我们讨论了结果的理论意义，表明实际的心理模型可能会受益于考虑 ER 中的个体差异以理解人们为什么会进行自杀行为。还讨论了临床意义。

• 强调

• 调节情绪的困难与自杀行为有关（SI 和 SA）。

• 在所有年龄段以及临床和一般人群中均获得一致的结果。

• ER 的个体差异可以帮助研究人员了解自杀。