In this study, Nb₂O₅ was prepared by the sol–gel method. Crystallization process was investigated by thermal analysis (TG–DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectra and Raman spectra. TG–DSC results indicated that amorphous Nb₂O₅ appeared at 460${}^{\circ }$C. XRD results indicated that amorphous Nb₂O₅ transformed into pseudo-hexagonal phase and crystallization degree has an increasing trend with an increase of temperature. UV–vis and Raman spectra results reflected the significant variations of optical property and atomic structure in this process. Nb₂O₅ atomic arrangement transforms from short-range order to medium-range order, then to long-range order. Atoms transform into long-range ordered structure through connection of structural units with increasing temperature. Additionally, crystallization degree, optical property and atomic arrangement all are mutually connected in the crystallization process.

在本研究中，Nb ₂ O ₅是通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的。通过热分析（TG-DSC）、X射线衍射（XRD）、紫外-可见光谱和拉曼光谱研究了结晶过程。TG-DSC 结果表明无定形 Nb ₂ O ₅出现在 460${}^{\circ }$C. XRD结果表明，随着温度的升高，非晶Nb ₂ O ₅转变为拟六方相，结晶度有增加的趋势。UV-vis 和拉曼光谱结果反映了该过程中光学性质和原子结构的显着变化。Nb ₂ O ₅原子排列由短程有序转变为中程有序，再到长程有序。随着温度升高，原子通过结构单元的连接转变为长程有序结构。此外，结晶度、光学性质和原子排列在结晶过程中都是相互联系的。