This study describes the minimum incidence of pediatric complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), clinical features, and treatments recommended by pediatricians and pain clinics in Canada. Participants in the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program reported new cases of CRPS aged 2 to 18 years monthly and completed a detailed case reporting questionnaire from September 2017 to August 2019. Descriptive analysis was completed, and the annual incidence of CRPS by sex and age groupings was estimated. A total of 198 cases were reported to the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program, and 168 (84.8%) met the case definition. The minimum Canadian incidence of CRPS is estimated at 1.14/100,000 (95% confidence interval 0.93-1.35/100,000) children per year. Incidence was highest among girls 12 years and older (3.10, 95% confidence interval 2.76-3.44/100,000). The mean age of CRPS diagnosis was 12.2 years (SD = 2.4), with the mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis of 5.6 months (SD = 9.9) and no known inciting event for 19.6% of cases. Most cases had lower limb involvement (79.8%). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (82.7%) and acetaminophen (66.0%) were prescribed more commonly than antiepileptic drugs (52.3%) and antidepressants (32.0%). Referrals most commonly included physical therapy (83.3%) and multidisciplinary pain clinics (72.6%); a small number of patients withdrew from treatment because of pain exacerbation (5.3%). Pain education was recommended for only 65.6% of cases. Treatment variability highlights the need for empiric data to support treatment of pediatric CRPS and development of treatment consensus guidelines.

本研究描述了加拿大儿科医生和疼痛诊所推荐的儿科复杂区域疼痛综合征 (CRPS) 的最低发病率、临床特征和治疗方法。加拿大儿科监测计划的参与者每月报告2至18岁的CRPS新病例，并于2017年9月至2019年8月完成详细的病例报告调查问卷。完成描述性分析，并估计按性别和年龄分组的CRPS年发病率。加拿大儿科监测计划共报告了 198 例病例，其中 168 例（84.8%）符合病例定义。加拿大 CRPS 的最低发病率估计为每年 1.14/100,000 名儿童（95% 置信区间 0.93-1.35/100,000）。12 岁及以上女孩的发病率最高（3.10，95% 置信区间 2.76-3.44/100,000）。CRPS 诊断的平均年龄为 12.2 岁（SD = 2.4），从症状出现到诊断的平均时间为 5.6 个月（SD = 9.9），19.6% 的病例没有已知的诱发事件。大多数病例有下肢受累（79.8%）。非甾体类抗炎药（82.7%）和对乙酰氨基酚（66.0%）的使用频率高于抗癫痫药（52.3%）和抗抑郁药（32.0%）。最常见的转诊包括物理治疗（83.3%）和多学科疼痛诊所（72.6%）；少数患者因疼痛加剧而退出治疗（5.3%）。仅 65.6% 的病例建议进行疼痛教育。治疗的变异性凸显了需要经验数据来支持儿科 CRPS 的治疗和制定治疗共识指南。