To assess the prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation by youth and young adults (YYA) with diabetes overall and by type, and sociodemographic characteristics.

The study included participants with youth-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. HFI was assessed using the 18-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) administered from 2016 to 2019; three or more affirmations on the HFSSM were considered indicative of HFI. Participants were asked about SNAP participation. We used ² tests to assess whether the prevalence of HFI and SNAP participation differed by diabetes type. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine differences in HFI by participant characteristics.

Of 2,561 respondents (age range, 10–35 years; 79.6% ≤25 years), 2,177 had type 1 diabetes (mean age, 21.0 years; 71.8% non-Hispanic White, 11.8% non-Hispanic Black, 13.3% Hispanic, and 3.1% other) and 384 had type 2 diabetes (mean age, 24.7 years; 18.8% non-Hispanic White, 45.8% non-Hispanic Black, 23.7% Hispanic, and 18.7% other). The overall prevalence of HFI was 19.7% (95% CI 18.1, 21.2). HFI was more prevalent in type 2 diabetes than type 1 diabetes (30.7% vs. 17.7%; P < 0.01). In multivariable regression models, YYA receiving Medicaid or Medicare or without insurance, whose parents had lower levels of education, and with lower household income had greater odds of experiencing HFI. SNAP participation was 14.1% (95% CI 12.7, 15.5), with greater participation among those with type 2 diabetes compared with those with type 1 diabetes (34.8% vs. 10.7%; P < 0.001).

Almost one in three YYA with type 2 diabetes and more than one in six with type 1 diabetes reported HFI in the past year—a significantly higher prevalence than in the general U.S. population.

旨在评估患有糖尿病的青年和年轻成人 (YYA) 的家庭粮食不安全 (HFI) 和补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 参与情况的总体和类型以及社会人口特征。

该研究包括 SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 研究中患有青年发病的 1 型糖尿病和 2 型糖尿病的参与者。HFI 是使用 2016 年至 2019 年管理的 18 项美国家庭食品安全调查模块 (HFSSM) 进行评估的；HFSSM 的三个或更多肯定被认为是 HFI 的指示。参与者被问及 SNAP 的参与情况。我们使用^{2 个}测试来评估 HFI 和 SNAP 参与的流行率是否因糖尿病类型而异。多变量逻辑回归模型用于检查参与者特征的 HFI 差异。

在 2,561 名受访者（年龄范围 10-35 岁；79.6% ≤25 岁）中，2,177 名患有 1 型糖尿病（平均年龄 21.0 岁；71.8% 非西班牙裔白人、11.8% 非西班牙裔黑人、13.3% 西班牙裔和3.1% 其他）和 384 人患有 2 型糖尿病（平均年龄 24.7 岁；18.8% 非西班牙裔白人、45.8% 非西班牙裔黑人、23.7% 西班牙裔和 18.7% 其他）。HFI 的总体患病率为 19.7%（95% CI 18.1，21.2）。HFI 在 2 型糖尿病中比 1 型糖尿病更普遍（30.7% 对 17.7%；P< 0.01)。在多变量回归模型中，接受 Medicaid 或 Medicare 或没有保险、父母受教育程度较低且家庭收入较低的 YYA 经历 HFI 的几率更大。SNAP 参与率为 14.1%（95% CI 12.7，15.5），与 1 型糖尿病患者相比，2 型糖尿病患者的参与度更高（34.8% 对 10.7%；P < 0.001 ）。

在过去的一年中，几乎三分之一的患有 2 型糖尿病的 YYA 和超过六分之一的患有 1 型糖尿病的 YYA 报告了 HFI——这一患病率明显高于美国普通人群。