Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health crisis with attention focussed on food supply as part of the ‘One Health’ integration of veterinary, environmental and public health. Aquaculture has been the fastest growing livestock sector in recent decades and is critical to nutritional security in many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). With ready access to antibiotics and limited availability of veterinary support, disease control with antibiotics is poorly informed, often unrecorded and high in many countries where aquaculture growth is fastest. Vaccination of fish in LMIC with locally produced autogenous vaccines against bacterial diseases may provide a locally driven, cost-effective means of reducing antibiotic use, replicating the successes achieved during the growth of Norway's aquaculture industry. Autogenous vaccines, as part of an informed veterinary health programme, have several advantages in terms of intellectual property, efficacy and flexibility. We consider access to fish vaccines in example countries of high aquaculture importance, including Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia. We contrast the success of antimicrobial reduction in Norwegian salmon aquaculture with the high antibiotic use in the Chilean industry where vaccines are available, finding that regulation, planning, husbandry and environmental problems may increase disease incidence and severity. We identify technical, bureaucratic and infrastructural transitions that could facilitate implementation of autogenous vaccination in LMIC aquaculture against challenging socio-economic and environmental backgrounds. The benefits of autogenous vaccination to animal welfare, transboundary biosecurity, local farmer and industry economics, and to public health, favour implementation in aquaculture as a locally enabled solution to the global problem of antimicrobial resistance.

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水产养殖中的自体疫苗接种：减少全球抗微生物药物耐药性问题的本地解决方案

抗菌素耐药性是一场全球公共卫生危机，人们关注的重点是作为兽医、环​​境和公共卫生“同一个健康”整合的一部分的食品供应。近几十年来，水产养殖一直是增长最快的畜牧业，对许多低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的营养安全至关重要。由于容易获得抗生素和有限的兽医支持，在水产养殖增长最快的许多国家，使用抗生素进行疾病控制的信息很少，通常没有记录并且很高。用当地生产的针对细菌性疾病的自体疫苗对中低收入国家的鱼类进行疫苗接种，可以提供一种当地驱动的、具有成本效益的减少抗生素使用的方法，复制挪威水产养殖业发展过程中取得的成功。自体疫苗，作为知情兽医健康计划的一部分，在知识产权、功效和灵活性方面具有若干优势。我们考虑在具有高度水产养殖重要性的示例国家（包括泰国、越南和印度尼西亚）获得鱼类疫苗。我们将挪威鲑鱼水产养殖中抗生素减少的成功与智利工业中抗生素的大量使用进行了对比，在该行业有疫苗可用，发现监管、规划、饲养和环境问题可能会增加疾病的发病率和严重程度。我们确定了在具有挑战性的社会经济和环境背景下，可以促进在 LMIC 水产养殖中实施自体疫苗接种的技术、官僚和基础设施转型。自体疫苗接种对动物福利、跨境生物安全、