ABSTRACT

Haiti’s instability at the turn of the millennium demanded unprecedented changes towards community-based peacekeeping strategies. While deemed successful by some in reducing actualised violence, the UN Peace Support Operation, MINUSTAH, was wrought with allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) and mired by the inadvertent introduction of cholera. To understand the host community’s experiences with MINUSTAH, data was collected around seven UN bases from 10 locations in Haiti between June and August 2017. We find that Haitian perceptions on reporting, justice and responsibility for SEA are in juxtaposition with MINUSTAH’s efforts towards stabilisation and security. While participants identified positive perceptions of MINUSTAH that aligned with the novel community violence reduction strategy employed in Haiti, outstanding concerns around SEA remain. We recommend the UN addresses its environment of impunity, alters its practices and policies to be victim/survivor-centred and improve transparency and communication with host communities. The UN must make the systemic changes necessary to address impunity or provide reparations for peacekeeper-perpetrated SEA.

摘要

海地在世纪之交的不稳定要求以社区为基础的维和战略做出前所未有的改变。虽然一些人认为联海稳定团在减少实际暴力方面取得了成功，但联合国和平支持行动（联海稳定团）却因性剥削和性虐待 (SEA) 的指控而陷入困境，并因无意引入霍乱而陷入困境。为了解东道社区与联海稳定团的经历，我们在 2017 年 6 月至 8 月期间从海地的 10 个地点围绕七个联合国基地收集了数据。我们发现海地对 SEA 的报告、正义和责任的看法与联海稳定团为实现稳​​定和安全所做的努力并存. 虽然参与者确定了对联海稳定团的积极看法，这与海地采用的新的减少社区暴力战略一致，围绕 SEA 的悬而未决的担忧仍然存在。我们建议联合国解决其有罪不罚的环境，改变其做法和政策，以受害者/幸存者为中心，并提高透明度和与东道社区的沟通。联合国必须进行必要的系统性变革，以解决有罪不罚问题或为维和人员实施的 SEA 提供赔偿。