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Impacts of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) soil and fertiliser management practices on nutrients and sediment in plot-scale runoff from simulated rainfall
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2021.105259
A.R. Melland 1 , B. Bosomworth 2 , F.J. Cook 3, 4, 5 , D.M. Silburn 1, 6 , M. Eyles 2
Affiliation  

Runoff of nutrients and sediment from agricultural catchments can impair the health and resilience of aquatic ecosystems in receiving waterbodies. The sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) industry in Australia has adopted strategies to improve farm runoff water quality. Rainfall simulation trials were conducted to quantify the relative effectiveness of some sugarcane soil and fertiliser management practices on nutrient and sediment loss in runoff. The trials were conducted within the Herbert River catchment in the Wet Tropics of Queensland. Simulated rainfall (~76 mm h–1) was used to generate runoff from 1.70 m2 plots in first ratoon sugarcane on well-drained Ferralsols at Abergowrie and from 1.55 m2 plots in sugarcane planted into furrows and mound beds on an imperfectly drained Luvisol at Trebonne. At Abergowrie, the practices studied were; crop residue retention after harvest (green cane trash blanketing), applying a liquid rather than a granular fertiliser, and applying fertiliser to the sub-surface rather than to the surface on ratoon phase sugarcane. At Trebonne, sub-surface fertiliser placement was studied on plant cane and after varying amounts of time and repeated rainfall after fertiliser application. Comparisons were made with a similar study in plant cane at Macknade. Particulate nitrogen (N), particulate phosphorus (P), and suspended sediment losses in runoff were reduced by crop residue retention, which was expected. Dissolved inorganic N (DIN) loads (but not concentrations) were also reduced by residue retention. Dissolved inorganic N and filterable reactive P concentrations in runoff were reduced by sub-surface fertiliser placement, as expected, and by the liquid fertiliser that was studied. In contrast to expectations, DIN concentrations increased in mound beds (but not in furrows) with increasing time and rainfall after fertiliser application. The increase was attributed mainly to increases in soil mineral N and runoff volume. The practice that was most effective at reducing DIN loads in runoff (64–85% reduction) was sub-surface rather than surface placement of fertiliser.



中文翻译:

甘蔗(Saccharum sp.)土壤和肥料管理实践对模拟降雨样地径流中养分和沉积物的影响

来自农业集水区的营养物质和沉积物的径流会损害接收水体中水生生态系统的健康和恢复力。澳大利亚的甘蔗 ( Saccharum sp .) 业已采取策略来改善农场径流水质。进行了降雨模拟试验,以量化一些甘蔗土壤和肥料管理实践对径流中养分和沉积物流失的相对有效性。试验是在昆士兰湿热带地区的赫伯特河集水区进行的。模拟降雨量 (~76 mm h –1 ) 用于从Abergowrie 排水良好的 Ferralsols 上的第一个宿根甘蔗的1.70 m 2地块和 1.55 m 2产生径流甘蔗地块种植在 Trebonne 排水不完全的 Luvisol 上的犁沟和土墩床上。在 Abergowrie,研究的实践是:收获后作物残留物保留(绿色甘蔗垃圾覆盖),施用液体而不是颗粒肥料,并将肥料施用于次表面而不是再生阶段甘蔗的表面。在 Trebonne,研究了在植物甘蔗上以及在施肥后经过不同时间和重复降雨后的地下施肥。与 Macknade 对植物甘蔗的类似研究进行了比较。径流中的颗粒氮 (N)、颗粒磷 (P) 和悬浮沉积物损失因作物残留物保留而减少,这是预期的。残留物保留也降低了溶解的无机氮 (DIN) 负荷(但不是浓度)。正如预期的那样,地表下施肥和所研究的液体肥料降低了径流中溶解的无机氮和可过滤的活性磷浓度。与预期相反,随着施肥后时间和降雨量的增加,土墩床(但不是犁沟)中的 DIN 浓度增加。增加的主要原因是土壤矿物质氮和径流量的增加。在减少径流中的 DIN 负荷(减少 64-85%)方面最有效的做法是在地下而不是表面施肥。随着施肥后时间和降雨量的增加,土墩床(但不是犁沟)中的 DIN 浓度增加。增加的主要原因是土壤矿物质氮和径流量的增加。在减少径流中的 DIN 负荷(减少 64-85%)方面最有效的做法是在地下而不是表面施肥。随着施肥后时间和降雨量的增加,土墩床(但不是犁沟)中的 DIN 浓度增加。增加的主要原因是土壤矿物质氮和径流量的增加。在减少径流中的 DIN 负荷(减少 64-85%)方面最有效的做法是在地下而不是表面施肥。

更新日期:2021-11-17
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