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How different hermetic bag brands and maize varieties affect grain damage and loss during smallholder farmer storage
Crop Protection ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105861
Patrick Ngwenyama 1, 2 , Brighton M. Mvumi 1 , Tanya E. Stathers 3 , Loveness K. Nyanga 2 , Shephard Siziba 4
Affiliation  

Smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa store harvested maize to provide food stocks between harvest seasons, which may be up to 12 months apart. Stored maize is highly susceptible to insect pest damage, hence the need for stored grain protection technologies such as hermetic bags. The current study evaluated the efficacy of five brands of hermetic bags in storing three maize varieties under two contrasting agro-ecologies in Guruve and Mbire districts of Zimbabwe, for two storage seasons. The hermetic bag treatments evaluated included: GrainPro Super Grain bag (SGB) IVR™, PICS bag, AgroZ® Ordinary bag, AgroZ® Plus bag and ZeroFly® hermetic bag, which were compared to grain stored in a polypropylene bag either untreated (negative control) or following admixture with a synthetic pesticide treatment, Actellic Gold Dust® (positive control). The maize varieties included a white hybrid, a pro-vitamin A biofortified orange and a local variety. All the hermetic bag treatments out-performed the synthetic pesticide in limiting grain damage and weight loss during storage. No significant difference in grain damage or weight loss was observed among the hermetic bags. However, rodents punctured some hermetic bags; therefore rodent control is recommended. A positive correlation with grain damage and weight loss for all three maize varieties was found for Sitophilus zeamais, Sitotroga cerealella, Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes spp adult numbers. Significantly higher insect damage and weight loss (P < 0.001) occurred in the white hybrid maize than in the other two varieties. The results confirmed that regardless of brand, all the hermetic bags tested can be recommended for smallholder farmer use to limit postharvest storage losses, avoid pesticide use, and support food and nutrition security.



中文翻译:

不同的密封袋品牌和玉米品种如何影响小农储存期间的谷物损坏和损失

撒哈拉以南非洲的小农储存收获的玉米,以在收获季节之间提供粮食储备,收获季节可能相隔长达 12 个月。储存的玉米极易受到虫害危害,因此需要采用密封袋等储存谷物保护技术。目前的研究评估了五个品牌的密封袋在津巴布韦 Guruve 和 Mbire 地区两种不同的农业生态环境下,在两个储存季节储存三种玉米品种的功效。评估的密封袋处理包括:GrainPro Super Grain bag (SGB) IVR™、PICS 袋、AgroZ® 普通袋、AgroZ® Plus 袋和 ZeroFly® 密封袋,将它们与储存在未经处理的聚丙烯袋中的谷物(阴性对照)进行比较) 或与合成农药处理剂 Actellic Gold Dust®(阳性对照)混合后。玉米品种包括白色杂交品种、维生素原 A 生物强化橙和当地品种。在限制谷物损坏和储存期间的重量损失方面,所有密封袋处理都优于合成农药。在密封袋之间没有观察到谷物损坏或重量损失的显着差异。然而,啮齿动物刺破了一些密封袋;因此建议进行啮齿动物控制。发现所有三个玉米品种的籽粒损伤和体重减轻均呈正相关 啮齿动物刺破了一些密封袋;因此建议进行啮齿动物控制。发现所有三个玉米品种的籽粒损伤和体重减轻均呈正相关 啮齿动物刺破了一些密封袋;因此建议进行啮齿动物控制。发现所有三个玉米品种的籽粒损伤和体重减轻均呈正相关Sitophilus zeamais、Sitotroga谷类、Tribolium castaneumCryptolestes spp 成虫数量与其他两个品种相比,白色杂交玉米的虫害和重量损失显着更高(P < 0.001)。结果证实,无论品牌如何,所有经过测试的密封袋都可以推荐给小农使用,以限制收获后的储存损失,避免使用农药,并支持粮食和营养安全。

更新日期:2021-11-27
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