To investigate the roles of Harvista (a sprayable 1-methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP, available component is 150 g · hm^-2) and Ethephon (1 mL · L^-1) applied at preharvest in apple (Malus domestica Borkh. 'Golden Delicious') fruit cuticular wax biosynthesis, the expression of genes related to fruit cuticular wax biosynthesis and ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, ethylene production rate, respiration rate, wax constituents and structure, and fruit quality were determined at harvest and during cold storage. The results showed that 1-MCP inhibited the expression levels of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling-related genes, decreased fruit ethylene production, and inhibited the expression of MdLACS1, MdCER6, MdCER4 and MdWSD1, which resulted in decreases in alcohols, acids, and esters content in fruit cuticular wax. 1-MCP also reduced fruit dropping rate from 17.17% to 12%; maintained fruit firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity during cold storage; showed about as one fifth in the total length and one third in the widest width of wax crack as that in control at harvest. In contrast, Ethephon produced the opposite effects. In conclusion, 1-MCP inhibited fruit ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, and influenced fruit cuticular wax biosynthesis. Thus, the fruit cuticular wax constituents and structure was altered, and the fruit quality were maintained at harvest and during cold storage. The results provide a new technology for improving apple fruit harvest and postharvest quality by preharvest application of sprayable 1-MCP.

研究在苹果（Malus domestica ^{Borkh .} 'Golden Delicious '）果实表皮蜡生物合成，在收获和冷藏期间测定与果实表皮蜡生物合成和乙烯生物合成和信号传导、乙烯产生速率、呼吸速率、蜡成分和结构以及果实品质相关的基因的表达。结果表明，1-MCP抑制乙烯生物合成和信号相关基因的表达水平，降低果实乙烯产量，并抑制MdLACS1、MdCER6、MdCER4和MdWSD1的表达。，这导致水果表皮蜡中的醇、酸和酯含量降低。1-MCP还将落果率从17.17%降低到12%；冷藏期间保持果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸度；在收获时，蜡裂的总长度和最宽的蜡裂宽度约为对照的五分之一和三分之一。相反，乙烯利产生了相反的效果。总之，1-MCP抑制果实乙烯的生物合成和信号传导，并影响果实表皮蜡的生物合成。因此，果实表皮蜡成分和结构发生了变化，果实品质在收获和冷藏期间得以保持。研究结果为采前喷洒1-MCP提高苹果果实采收和采后品质提供了新的技术。