Exposure to a natural disaster can have a myriad of significant and adverse psychological consequences. Children have been identified as a particularly vulnerable population being uniquely susceptible to post-disaster psychological morbidity, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Without effective intervention, the impact of natural disasters on children’s developmental trajectory can be detrimental, however, research is yet to find evidence to definitively establish the comparative efficacy or unequivocal superiority of any specific psychological intervention. A scoping review was undertaken according to the Preferred Reporting Items extension for Scoping Reviews Guidelines (PRISMA-ScR), to evaluate the current research regarding psychological interventions for children (below 18 years of age) experiencing PTSD after exposure to natural disasters, a single incident trauma. Fifteen studies involving 1337 children were included in the review. Overall, psychological interventions, irrespective of type, were associated with statistically significant and sustained reductions in PTSD symptomatology across all symptom clusters. However, whilst evidence supported the general efficacy of psychological interventions in this population, the majority of studies were considered retrospective field research designed in response to the urgent need for clinical service in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Consequently, studies were largely limited by environmental and resource constraints and marked by methodological flaws resulting in diverse and highly heterogeneous data. As such, definitive conclusions regarding the treatment efficacy of specific psychological interventions, and furthermore their ameliorative contributions constituting the necessary mechanisms of change remains largely speculative. As natural disasters can have a catastrophic impact on human lives, establishing levels of evidence for the efficacy of different psychological interventions for children represents a global public health priority.

暴露于自然灾害可能会产生无数重大和不利的心理后果。儿童已被确定为特别易受灾后心理疾病影响的弱势群体，包括创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)。如果没有有效的干预，自然灾害对儿童发展轨迹的影响可能是有害的，但是，研究尚未找到证据来明确确定任何特定心理干预的比较功效或明确优势。根据范围界定审查指南 (PRISMA-ScR) 的首选报告项目扩展进行范围界定审查，评估目前关于在遭受自然灾害（单次事故创伤）后经历 PTSD 的儿童（18 岁以下）的心理干预的研究。该评价纳入了 15 项研究，涉及 1337 名儿童。总体而言，无论类型如何，心理干预与所有症状群的 PTSD 症状学显着和持续减少有关。然而，虽然有证据支持心理干预在这一人群中的一般有效性，但大多数研究被认为是回顾性实地研究，旨在应对自然灾害后对临床服务的迫切需求。最后，研究在很大程度上受到环境和资源限制，并以方法缺陷为特征，导致数据多样化和高度异质化。因此，关于特定心理干预的治疗效果的明确结论，以及它们构成必要变化机制的改善贡献在很大程度上仍然是推测性的。由于自然灾害可能对人类生活产生灾难性影响，因此为儿童不同心理干预措施的有效性建立证据水平代表了全球公共卫生的优先事项。此外，它们构成必要的变革机制的改进贡献在很大程度上仍然是推测性的。由于自然灾害可能对人类生活产生灾难性影响，因此为儿童不同心理干预措施的有效性建立证据水平代表了全球公共卫生的优先事项。此外，它们构成必要的变革机制的改进贡献在很大程度上仍然是推测性的。由于自然灾害可能对人类生活产生灾难性影响，因此为儿童不同心理干预措施的有效性建立证据水平代表了全球公共卫生的优先事项。