Seed dispersal benefits plants and frugivores, and potentially drives co-evolution, with consequences to diversification evidenced for, e.g., primates. Evidence for macro-coevolutionary patterns in multi-specific, plant-animal mutualisms is scarce, and the mechanisms driving them remain unexplored. We tested for phylogenetic congruences in primate-plant interactions and showed strong co-phylogenetic signals across Neotropical forests, suggesting that both primates and plants share evolutionary history. Phylogenetic congruence between Platyrrhini and Angiosperms was driven by the most generalist primates, modulated by their functional traits, interacting with a wide-range of Angiosperms. Consistently similar eco-evolutionary dynamics seem to be operating irrespective of local assemblages, since co-phylogenetic signal emerged independently across three Neotropical regions. Our analysis supports the idea that macroevolutionary, coevolved patterns among interacting mutualistic partners are driven by super-generalist taxa. Trait convergence among multiple partners within multi-specific assemblages appears as a mechanism favouring these likely coevolved outcomes.

中文翻译：

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新热带灵长类动物和植物之间的系统发育一致性是由食果驱动的

种子传播有利于植物和食果动物，并可能推动共同进化，对例如灵长类动物的多样化产生影响。多特异性植物-动物共生关系中宏观协同进化模式的证据很少，驱动它们的机制仍未探索。我们测试了灵长类动物与植物相互作用中的系统发育一致性，并在新热带森林中显示出强烈的共同系统发育信号，这表明灵长类动物和植物都有共同的进化历史。Platyrrhini 和被子植物之间的系统发育一致性是由最通才的灵长类动物驱动的，受其功能特征的调节，与广泛的被子植物相互作用。始终相似的生态进化动力学似乎在运行，而与当地的组合无关，因为共同系统发育信号在三个新热带地区独立出现。我们的分析支持这样一种观点，即相互作用的互惠伙伴之间的宏观进化、共同进化模式是由超通才分类群驱动的。多特定组合内的多个合作伙伴之间的特征收敛似乎是一种有利于这些可能共同进化结果的机制。